At Higher Level, Topic 3.1 includes the Simpson diversity index and more detailed statistical analysis of biodiversity data. HL students must calculate and interpret diversity indices, evaluate sampling methodologies, and analyse biodiversity trends with greater quantitative rigour.
Key Idea: Biodiversity is the variety of life. It exists at three levels, arises through evolution, and gives ecosystems resilience.
Tip: Show Simpson's working in 3 lines: formula → substitution → answer. For speciation you MUST say the populations can no longer interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
At Higher Level, ESS includes an extended essay component and deeper analytical questioning. Expect longer data-response questions and more complex case study scenarios in both Paper 1 and Paper 2.
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Start studying freeTopic 3.1 Biodiversity and evolution forms a core part of Unit 3: Biodiversity and Conservation in IB ESS HL. Mastering these concepts will strengthen your understanding of connected topics across the syllabus and prepare you for exam questions that require analysis, evaluation, and real-world application.
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