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NotesGerman B HLTopic 3.3Future (Futur I)
Back to German B HL Topics
3.3.16 min read

Future (Futur I) (German B HL)

IB German B · Unit 3

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Contents

  1. 1What it is
  2. 2The forms
  3. 3When to use it
  4. 4In action
  5. 5Common errors
The future (Futur I): The future tense (das Futur I) is how German says will / going to.

How it works

  • Unlike English (and unlike Spanish), German does not add a future ending to the verb.
  • It uses the helper verb werden (will / shall) plus the infinitive: *Ich werde morgen kommen (I will come tomorrow*).
  • Use it for predictions (Morgen wird es regnen) and to stress an intention (Ich werde mehr Sport treiben).
The most important rule: werden goes in second position and the infinitive jumps to the very end of the clause.
das Futur I
the future tense (werden + infinitive)
werden
the helper (auxiliary) verb that builds the future — it is conjugated for the person
der Infinitiv
the infinitive — the whole, unchanged verb (kommen, gehen, machen); it goes to the END of the clause
die Satzklammer
the sentence bracket: werden in position 2 and the infinitive at the end frame the rest of the sentence
die Vorhersage
a prediction — saying what will happen
der Zeitausdruck
a time expression (morgen, nächstes Jahr) — German often uses it WITH the present tense for the future
When you reach for it: If the prompt mentions morgen, nächstes Jahr, in Zukunft, eines Tages — or asks you to make plans or predictions — it's the future. In speaking and writing, *Was wirst du nach der Schule machen?* is the natural way to ask about plans.
Also common: German also very often uses the present tense + a time word for the future — see §3.

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Conjugate werden, leave the verb as an infinitive: To form Futur I, you only ever conjugate werden; the main verb stays a plain infinitive and moves to the end.

How it works

  • Learn the six forms of werden below.
  • Note that du wirst and er/sie/es wird are slightly irregular.
  • Then it's always the same recipe: subject + werden (position 2) + … + Infinitiv (end).
PersonwerdenBeispiel mit kommen
ichwerdeIch werde kommen.
duwirstDu wirst kommen.
er / sie / eswirdEr wird kommen.
wirwerdenWir werden kommen.
ihrwerdetIhr werdet kommen.
sie / SiewerdenSie werden kommen.
Position 1Position 2 (werden)MitteEnde (Infinitiv)
Ichwerdenächstes Jahrstudieren.
Morgenwirdesregnen.
Wirwerdenim Sommer nach Wienreisen.
Meine Elternwerdenmirhelfen.
The sentence bracket (Satzklammer): werden and the infinitive form a frame around the sentence: werden sits in position 2, and the infinitive is pushed to the very end. Everything else (time, place, object) goes in between. So it's *Ich werde [morgen mit meinen Freunden] spielen — never Ich werde spielen morgen*.

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Three everyday jobs — and a big shortcut: Futur I does a few jobs. Below are the two you meet most in the exam, plus a third (probability), each with a German example.
The crucial point: For plans that are already decided, German speakers usually just use the present tense + a time word, NOT Futur I — see the shortcut at the end.

Verwendung des Futurs

  • Predictions — Morgen wird das Wetter an der ganzen Küste schön sein. (Tomorrow the weather will be good along the whole coast.)
  • Intentions / promises — Ich werde ab Montag mehr Sport treiben. (From Monday on I will do more sport.)
  • Probability about now — Es ist schon spät; Tom wird wohl schon schlafen. (It's late; Tom is probably already asleep.) — note the little word wohl.
The shortcut: present tense + a time word: For near, decided plans German very often uses the present tense with a time expression instead of Futur I: Morgen fahre ich nach Berlin. (Tomorrow I'm going to Berlin) means the same as Morgen werde ich nach Berlin fahren. It's what you'll hear most in everyday speech.

Which one to use

  • Use werden when you want to stress an intention or a prediction.
  • Use the present + Zeitausdruck for ordinary planned events.
My plans, sentence by sentence: Here's a short paragraph about future plans, built one sentence at a time. Every sentence uses werden + Infinitiv.

How to read it

  • Watch how werden stays in position 2 and the infinitive lands at the end of the clause.
  • Read it once for the meaning, then tap Übersetzung anzeigen for the English or the audio button to hear it.

Das Futur in Aktion

Meine Pläne, Satz für Satz

  1. Nächstes Jahr werde ich das Abitur machen und an die Universität gehen.
  2. Ich werde Maschinenbau studieren, weil mich Mathematik und Technik interessieren.
  3. Ich werde in eine andere Stadt umziehen müssen, also werde ich in einem Wohnheim wohnen.
  4. Meine Freunde und ich werden uns in den Ferien sehen und zusammen reisen.
  5. Eines Tages werde ich einen Master im Ausland machen und als Ingenieurin arbeiten.
Steal this for your plans: Notice the pattern: a time marker (nächstes Jahr, eines Tages) + werde/wirst/wird… + the infinitive at the end. Swap in your own plans and you have a ready-made answer for Was wirst du in der Zukunft machen? The one thing to police: the infinitive must be the last word of the clause.

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The slips to watch for: Two mistakes account for most lost marks in Futur I. Compare the right version with the typical mistake and the fix becomes obvious.

The two slips

  • Leaving the infinitive in the middle instead of at the end (the verb-final rule).
  • Wrong agreement on werden: writing meine Freunde wird instead of werden.

Korrekt

  • Morgen werde ich mit dem Lehrer sprechen.
  • Am Samstag werden wir eine Party feiern.
  • Meine Freunde werden ihre Hausaufgaben machen.

Häufiger Fehler

  • Morgen werde ich sprechen mit dem Lehrer.
  • Am Samstag wir werden eine Party feiern.
  • Meine Freunde wird ihre Hausaufgaben machen.
Check the bracket and the agreement: Before you move on, ask two things: is the infinitive the LAST word of the clause (…sprechen, …feiern, …machen), and does werden agree with the subject (ich werde, du wirst, er wird, wir werden, ihr werdet, sie werden)? Those two checks catch nearly every Futur-I slip.

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Schreibe diese Sätze mit dem Präsens + Zeitausdruck statt mit werden: Ich werde morgen nach München fahren. und

Wir werden am Wochenende den Tisch decken.
[2 marks]

Related German B HL Topics

Continue learning with these related topics from the same unit:

3.1.1Present: regular verbs3.1.2Present: irregular & stem-changing verbs3.1.3Separable & inseparable verbs3.1.4Modal verbs
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Improve your exam techniqueCommand terms, paper structure, and mark-scheme tips for German B HL
Previous3.2.4Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt)NextConditional (würde)3.3.2

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