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NotesGerman B HLTopic 3.1Present: regular verbs
Back to German B HL Topics
3.1.13 min read

Present: regular verbs

IB German B • Unit 3

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Contents

  • What it is
  • The forms
  • When to use it
  • In action
  • Common errors
The everyday workhorse tense: The present tense (das Präsens) is the first tense you master in German. With a regular (weak) verb you do one simple thing: take the stem (the infinitive minus -en) and add a personal ending. machen → stem mach- → ich mache, du machst, er macht…. Most German verbs are regular, so this one pattern unlocks the majority of everyday sentences.
das Präsens
the present tense
der Infinitiv
the infinitive — the dictionary form (machen, wohnen, spielen)
der Verbstamm
the stem — the infinitive minus -en (mach-, wohn-, spiel-)
die Endung
the ending — added to the stem (-e, -st, -t, -en, -t, -en)
regelmäßig / schwach
regular / weak — the verb follows the standard pattern, the stem does not change
die Personalform
the personal form — the conjugated verb that matches its subject
Why it carries the marks: Almost every reading text, listening clip and written answer at SL uses the present. Getting the ending right (and putting the verb in second position) is core Criterion A (Language) accuracy — examiners notice a wrong ending immediately. Learn the six endings once and reuse them on hundreds of verbs.
Six endings, one pattern: Drop the -en from the infinitive to get the stem, then add the ending for each person. The endings are always -e, -st, -t, -en, -t, -en. Watch two spelling helpers: if the stem ends in -t or -d (arbeiten, finden) you add an -e- before the -st/-t endings (du arbeitest, er arbeitet); if the stem ends in -s, -ß or -z (reisen, heißen, tanzen) the du form takes just -t (du reist, du heißt, du tanzt).
Personmachen (to do/make)wohnen (to live)arbeiten (-t stem)
ichmachewohnearbeite
dumachstwohnstarbeitest
er / sie / esmachtwohntarbeitet
wirmachenwohnenarbeiten
ihrmachtwohntarbeitet
sie / Siemachenwohnenarbeiten
Spot the look-alikes: Three forms share an ending, so read the subject to tell them apart: er/sie/es and ihr both take -t (er macht / ihr macht); wir, sie (they) and the polite Sie all take -en (wir machen / sie machen / Sie machen). The extra -e- in du arbeitest / er arbeitet keeps the word pronounceable — never write «du arbeitst».

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More jobs than English present: German uses the present for more situations than English does. It covers habits and facts, what is happening right now, and — very often — the near future with a time word. There is no separate «-ing» form: «Ich spiele jetzt Tennis» means both I play and I am playing.

Uses of the present (regular verbs)

  • Habits & routines — «Ich lerne jeden Tag Deutsch.» (I study German every day.)
  • General facts — «Wien liegt in Österreich.» (Vienna is in Austria.)
  • Actions happening now — «Sie kocht gerade das Abendessen.» (She is cooking dinner right now.)
  • Near-future plans (with a time word) — «Morgen besuche ich meine Großeltern.» (Tomorrow I am visiting my grandparents.)
  • Things that are generally true — «Wir wohnen seit zehn Jahren hier.» (We have lived here for ten years.)
Verb in second position: In a German main clause the conjugated verb is the second element (the «V2» rule). If you start with a time word, the verb still comes second and the subject moves after it: «Morgen besuche ich meine Großeltern»** — not «Morgen ich besuche». Keep the regular ending on the verb wherever it lands.
A day told with regular verbs: Here is a short everyday paragraph built one sentence at a time. Each sentence uses regular (weak) present verbs — note the endings change with the subject (wohne, mache, lerne, arbeite, spielen, hören, kaufe, koche). Read it once for meaning, then tap Übersetzung anzeigen for the English or 🔊 to hear it.

IB-style task — das Präsens in Aktion

Ein Tag, Satz für Satz

  1. Ich heiße Lena und ich wohne in einem kleinen Dorf in Österreich.
  2. Jeden Morgen mache ich Frühstück und dann lerne ich für die Schule.
  3. Am Nachmittag arbeite ich zwei Stunden in der Bäckerei meiner Tante.
  4. Meine Freundin und ich spielen oft Tennis und danach hören wir Musik.
  5. Am Wochenende kaufe ich frisches Gemüse auf dem Markt und koche für meine Familie.
Steal this for your routine: Notice how few patterns you need: pick high-frequency regular verbs (wohnen, machen, lernen, arbeiten, spielen, hören, kaufen, kochen), add the right ending, and you can describe a whole day. Swap in your own activities and you have a ready-made paragraph for the oral or a writing task.

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The slips to watch for: Three mistakes dominate: using the wrong ending for the subject («du macht» instead of du machst), forgetting the extra -e- after a -t/-d stem («du arbeitst» instead of du arbeitest), and breaking the verb-second rule after a time word («Morgen ich gehe» instead of Morgen gehe ich). Compare the right version with the typical mistake and the fix becomes obvious.

Richtig

  • Du machst deine Hausaufgaben.
  • Du arbeitest am Samstag.
  • Heute lerne ich Deutsch.

Häufiger Fehler

  • Du macht deine Hausaufgaben.
  • Du arbeitst am Samstag.
  • Heute ich lerne Deutsch.
Ask: which subject, and what does the stem end in?: Before you write a regular verb, do two quick checks. 1. Match the ending to the subject (-e ich, -st du, -t er/ihr, -en wir/sie/Sie). 2. If the stem ends in -t or -d, add -e- before -st/-t (arbeitest, findet). And if a time word opens the sentence, keep the verb second.

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Ergänze die richtige „du“-Form im Präsens: „Wie ___ (heißen) du, und wohin ___ (reisen) du im Sommer?“ [2 marks]

Related German B HL Topics

Continue learning with these related topics from the same unit:

3.1.2Present: irregular & stem-changing verbs
3.1.3Separable & inseparable verbs
3.1.4Modal verbs
3.2.1Perfect tense (Perfekt)
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