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NotesGerman B HLTopic 3.3
Unit 3 · Grammar · Topic 3.3

IB German B HL — Future, conditional & mood

Topic 3.3 of IB German B covers Future, conditional & mood, which is part of Unit 3: Grammar. Students explore key concepts including Future (Futur I), Conditional (würde), Subjunctive II — wishes & politeness, and more. A strong understanding of future, conditional & mood is essential for IB German B HL exams and builds the foundation for connected topics across the syllabus.

Higher Level students should use this topic hub as a map: start with the shared sub-topics, then follow the HL-only extensions and exam-skill links where this topic asks for deeper analysis.

Exam technique guidePractice questions

Key concepts in Future, conditional & mood

Key Idea: This topic is about the future, «would», wishes, the passive and commands. Most of these forms use a helper verb and put the second verb at the end.

Future (Futur I)

  • werden + infinitive at the end: {{Ich werde studieren.|I will study.}}
  • ich werde, du wirst, er wird, wir werden, ihr werdet, sie werden.
  • Use it for predictions and intentions. For decided plans German often uses the present and a time word.

Conditional (würde)

  • würde + infinitive, which goes last: {{Ich würde mehr reisen.|I would travel more.}}
  • würde, würdest, würde, würden, würdet, würden.
Konjunktiv II short forms
VerbShort form
seinwäre
habenhätte
könnenkönnte
müssenmüsste
mögenmöchte
wollenwollte

Two jobs for Konjunktiv II

  • Politeness: {{Könnten Sie …? / Ich hätte gern …|Could you …? / I would like …}}
  • Unreal ideas: {{Wenn ich … hätte, würde ich …|If I had …, I would …}}
  • Never «würde sein» or «würde haben».
Passive tenses
TenseFormExample
Präsenswird + Partizip IIDas Haus wird gebaut.
Präteritumwurde + Partizip IIDas Haus wurde gebaut.
Perfektist + Partizip II + wordenDas Haus ist gebaut worden.

Using the passive

  • Use it when the action matters more than who does it: processes, rules, the news.
  • A person: von. A means: durch. {{von der Gemeinde, durch eine Maschine|by the council, by a machine}}
  • The Perfekt uses worden, not geworden.
Commands
WhoFormExample
duthe stem, verb firstMach! Gib! Lies!
ihrthe ihr formMacht! Geht!
Sieinfinitive + SieMachen Sie!
wirinfinitive + wirGehen wir!
Werde means will and würde means would. Mix them up and your sentence changes its meaning.

How do you say "I would be"? Ich wäre.

«Gib!» Which person is this? Du. Geben changes e to i.

A machine did it. Von or durch? Durch. A machine is a means, not a person.

«Morgen fahre ich nach Wien.» Which tense is this? The present. It is a decided plan.

Make «Komm!» polite for a stranger. Kommen Sie!

What you'll learn in Topic 3.3

  • 3.3.1 Future (Futur I)
  • 3.3.2 Conditional (würde)
  • 3.3.3 Subjunctive II — wishes & politeness
  • 3.3.4 The passive (das Passiv)
  • 3.3.5 The imperative (commands)
Suggested study order: Read the notes for each sub-topic below → test yourself with flashcards → attempt practice questions → review exam technique.

Study resources — 3.3 Future, conditional & mood

3.3.1

Future (Futur I)

Notes
3.3.2

Conditional (würde)

Notes
3.3.3

Subjunctive II — wishes & politeness

Notes
3.3.4

The passive (das Passiv)

Notes
3.3.5

The imperative (commands)

Notes

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Topic 3.3 Future, conditional & mood forms a core part of Unit 3: Grammar in IB German B HL. Mastering these concepts will strengthen your understanding of connected topics across the syllabus and prepare you for exam questions that require analysis, evaluation, and real-world application.

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