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v0.1.1484
NotesItalian B HLTopic 2.2Instructions
Back to Italian B HL Topics
2.2.42 min read

Instructions

IB Italian B • Unit 2

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Contents

  • What it is
  • Register & tone
  • Structure
  • Annotated model
  • Useful phrases
A set of instructions: A set of instructions (le istruzioni) tells the reader how to do something step by step — a recipe, a how-to, a set of rules. In Paper 1 you choose it when the task asks you to explain how to make or do something. It's part of Unit 2: Text Types, so the marks come from getting its conventions and register right (Criterion C), not just the message.
le istruzioni
a set of instructions
il titolo
the title (says what the reader will make/do)
il passaggio / il passo
the step
l'imperativo
the imperative (command form: «sbuccia», «aggiungi»)
l'ordine / la sequenza
the order / sequence of steps
l'avvertenza / il consiglio
the warning / a tip to be careful
Spot it in the task: The task asks you to explain a process. «Spiega come si prepara…», «Scrivi le istruzioni per…» → a set of instructions. If it said «Scrivi a un amico per raccontargli…» you'd switch to an informal email (a different text type). Read the command term first.
Clear and direct: Use the imperative (or the infinitive) to give each step, a second-person «tu» or an impersonal «si», and precise, ordered language. The reader has to follow you exactly, so keep sentences short and unambiguous. Consistency matters — mixing «sbuccia» (tu-imperative) with «sbucciare» (infinitive) breaks the register and costs you Criterion C.

In the tu-imperative the verb comes first and attached pronouns join the end: «Sbuccia la banana.», «Tagliala a pezzi.»

Instructions — do this

  • Per prima cosa sbuccia la banana.
  • Aggiungi il latte e frulla per un minuto.
  • Fai attenzione alle lame.

Avoid here

  • Penso che sarebbe bello sbucciare la banana.
  • Forse potresti aggiungere un po' di latte.
  • La prego di fare attenzione.
Stay consistent: Pick one command form — tu-imperative (sbuccia, aggiungi, servi) OR infinitive (sbucciare, aggiungere, servire) — and keep it from the first step to the last. Don't switch halfway through. In the tu-imperative object pronouns attach to the verb: «Tagliala a pezzi.», «Aggiungilo al latte.»

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The five parts: Every set of instructions follows the same shape. Hit all five parts and you've covered the conventions the examiner is looking for.

Instructions — 5 parts

1

Title

A clear title that says what the reader will make or do. «Come preparare un frullato in cinque minuti»

2

What you need

A short intro and the things or ingredients required. «Prima di iniziare, ti servono una banana, del latte e un frullatore.»

3

Ordered steps

The steps in order, in the imperative — the longest part. «Per prima cosa sbuccia la banana. Poi aggiungi il latte.»

4

Tip / warning

A tip or a warning so it goes well. «Fai attenzione alle lame.»

5

Encouraging close

A short, encouraging ending. «Fatto! Prova a farlo.»

Title → What you need → Ordered steps → Tip/warning → Encouraging close

Don't skip the frame: Students lose easy Criterion C marks by jumping straight into steps with no title or list of what you need. They take seconds and show you know the text type — never leave them out.
A model, part by part: Here's a complete set of instructions built from the five parts above. Read it once for the message, then tap Mostra traduzione to check the English or 🔊 to hear it.

Modello: i 5 elementi in azione

Le istruzioni complete, elemento per elemento

  1. Come preparare un frullato di banana in cinque minuti
  2. Questa ricetta è molto semplice e veloce. Prima di iniziare, ti servono una banana matura, un bicchiere di latte, un cucchiaio di miele e un frullatore.
  3. Per prima cosa sbuccia la banana e tagliala a pezzi. Poi metti i pezzi nel frullatore e aggiungi il latte. Dopo unisci il miele e frulla il tutto per un minuto. Infine servi il frullato in un bicchiere freddo.
  4. Fai attenzione alle lame del frullatore e assicurati di chiudere bene il coperchio prima di accenderlo.
  5. Fatto! Vedrai che è facilissimo. Prova a farlo e dimmi se ti è piaciuto.
Perché prende punti — why it scores: These short instructions earn marks on all three Paper 1 criteria — here's how:

A — Language /12

  • Clear imperatives: sbuccia, taglia, metti, aggiungi, frulla, servi
  • Sequence connectors: «Per prima cosa», «Poi», «Dopo», «Infine»
  • Precise vocabulary (banana, frullatore, cucchiaio, coperchio)

B — Message /12

  • Clear purpose: a process the reader can actually follow
  • Ideas developed (ingredients, ordered steps, a warning)

C — Conceptual /6

  • Instructions conventions: title + what you need + steps
  • Consistent command register (imperative throughout)
  • Ordered, precise, direct tone

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A toolkit you can reuse: Learn a few ready-made phrases for each part. They make your instructions sound natural and save time in the exam. Tap 🔊 to hear them.

Per l'inizio (title & what you need)

  • Come preparare… / Come si fa… — How to make / How you make …
  • Prima di iniziare, ti servono… — Before you start, you need …
  • Questa ricetta è molto semplice e veloce. — This recipe is very easy and quick.

Per i passaggi (ordering the steps)

  • Per prima cosa… / Poi… — First … / Next …
  • Dopo… / Infine… — Then … / Finally …
  • Assicurati di… — Make sure you …

Per la chiusura (warning & close)

  • Fai attenzione a… — Be careful with …
  • Fatto! Vedrai che è facilissimo. — That's it! You'll see it's super easy.
  • Prova a farlo. — Give it a go.
Use one from each: A clear title, two or three sequence connectors in the steps, and a short encouraging close is plenty — and instantly makes it feel like the real text type.

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Riscrivi questa frase nel registro corretto di un testo di istruzioni: «Penso che sarebbe una buona idea se tu mescolassi la farina con lo zucchero.» (1 frase) [1 mark]

Related Italian B HL Topics

Continue learning with these related topics from the same unit:

2.1.1Informal email/letter
2.1.2Blog
2.1.3Personal diary
2.1.4Social media post
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