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NotesEnglish A: Lang & Lit HLTopic 4.19Structuring the oral
Back to English A: Lang & Lit HL Topics
4.19.12 min read

Structuring the oral (English A: Lang & Lit HL)

IB English A: Language and Literature • Unit 4

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In one line: Structure the 10 prepared minutes: open with the issue and line of inquiry → analyse extract 1 → analyse extract 2 → widen to the whole works → conclude — a clear map, timed so you finish.

A structure you can lean on turns ten minutes from terrifying to manageable.

🗺️ A reliable shape: introduce the global issue and your line of inquiry (≈1 min); analyse your literary extract closely (≈2.5 min); analyse your non-literary extract closely (≈2.5 min); widen out to how each whole work treats the issue (≈2.5 min); conclude with what the comparison reveals (≈1 min). Signpost as you go so the examiner can follow.

The ten-minute map

1

Open (~1 min)

State the global issue and your line of inquiry — your argument.

2

Extract 1, then extract 2

Close analysis of each extract's authorial choices (~2.5 min each).

3

Widen to whole works

How does each WHOLE work treat the issue, beyond the extract? (~2.5 min)

4

Conclude (~1 min)

What the two works together reveal about the issue.

The key move: Use a clear five-part map — open → extract 1 → extract 2 → whole works → conclude — signposted and timed, so the ten minutes are focused and you finish.

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Why it matters in the exam: Structure IS Criterion C (focus and organisation). A signposted, timed shape lets the examiner follow your argument and shows control; a rambling oral that runs out of time before the second work loses marks.
IB-style questionExplain[6 marks]

Map out the ten prepared minutes of an IO on the global issue of ‘climate anxiety’ (literary extract: a poem; non-literary: a climate advert).

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Watch out: The commonest structural failure is running out of time — spending seven minutes on the first extract and rushing the rest. Time each section and signpost, so both works and the conclusion get their share.

IB Exam Questions on Structuring the oral

Practice with IB-style questions filtered to Topic 4.19.1. Get instant AI feedback on every answer.

Practice Topic 4.19.1 QuestionsBrowse All English A: Lang & Lit HL Topics

How Structuring the oral Appears in IB Exams

Examiners use specific command terms when asking about this topic. Here's what to expect:

Define

Give the precise meaning of key terms related to Structuring the oral.

AO1
Describe

Give a detailed account of processes or features in Structuring the oral.

AO2
Explain

Give reasons WHY — cause and effect within Structuring the oral.

AO3
Evaluate

Weigh strengths AND limitations of approaches in Structuring the oral.

AO3
Discuss

Present arguments FOR and AGAINST with a balanced conclusion.

AO3

See the full IB Command Terms guide →

Related English A: Lang & Lit HL Topics

Continue learning with these related topics from the same unit:

4.1.1Understanding Paper 2
4.10.1Managing your time
4.11.1Common Paper 2 mistakes
4.12.1Grade-7 exemplar
View all English A: Lang & Lit HL topics

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Command terms, paper structure, and mark-scheme tips for English A: Lang & Lit HL

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4.18.1Connecting the two texts
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Delivery4.20.1

4 questions to test your understanding

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