Professional texts
Practice Flashcards
el saludo formal
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All Flashcards in Topic 2.2
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2.2.114 cards
el saludo formal
the formal greeting (Estimado/a Sr./Sra.:)
la despedida formal
the formal sign-off / closing
el destinatario
the recipient
el registro formal
formal register (usted)
Atentamente, / Reciba un cordial saludo.
Yours faithfully, / Kind regards. (formal sign-off)
Le escribo para…
I am writing to…
Me dirijo a usted con motivo de…
I am contacting you regarding…
Quisiera saber…
I would like to know…
Le agradecería que…
I would be grateful if you could…
Quedo a la espera de su respuesta.
I look forward to your reply.
Which register does a formal letter use?
Formal — usted, a neutral, respectful tone; never tú.
Name the six parts of a formal letter.
Date → greeting → opening → body → closing → sign-off (despedida).
Which criterion rewards the letter's conventions?
Criterion C (Conceptual) — formal greeting, sign-off, consistent register.
Give one formal greeting and one formal sign-off.
Greeting: «Estimado/a Sr./Sra. [apellido]:» Sign-off: «Atentamente,»
2.2.214 cards
el informe
the report
el título
the title
las recomendaciones
the recommendations
el registro formal y objetivo
formal, objective register (impersonal)
El objetivo de este informe es…
The aim of this report is…
Según los datos…
According to the data…
Se observa que…
It is observed that…
Se recomienda…
It is recommended… (impersonal)
Asimismo,…
Likewise, / Furthermore,…
En conclusión,…
In conclusion,…
Which register does a report use?
Formal, neutral and objective — impersonal (se), usted if addressing the reader; never tú or yo creo.
Name the five parts of a report.
Title → introduction/aim → findings (under headings) → recommendations → conclusion.
Which criterion rewards the report's conventions?
Criterion C (Conceptual) — title, headings, recommendations, consistent objective register.
Give one phrase for the aim and one for a recommendation.
Aim: «El objetivo de este informe es…» Recommendation: «Se recomienda…»
2.2.314 cards
la propuesta
the proposal
el objetivo
the aim / objective
la justificación
the justification (the reasons)
el registro formal y persuasivo
a formal, persuasive register (usted)
Atentamente,
Yours sincerely, (formal sign-off)
El objetivo de esta propuesta es…
The aim of this proposal is…
Propongo que…
I propose that…
Esto beneficiaría a…
This would benefit…
Por estas razones, solicito…
For these reasons, I request…
Agradezco de antemano su consideración.
I thank you in advance for your consideration.
Which register does a proposal use?
Formal and persuasive — usted, a clear, confident, justified tone; never tú.
Name the five parts of a proposal.
Title → aim → plan → benefits & justification → call to act.
Which criterion rewards the proposal's conventions?
Criterion C (Conceptual) — title, stated aim, call to act, consistent formal register.
Give one aim phrase and one closing-request phrase for a proposal.
Aim: «El objetivo de esta propuesta es…» Closing: «Por estas razones, solicito su aprobación. Atentamente,»
2.2.413 cards
el conjunto de instrucciones
a set of instructions
el paso
the step
el imperativo
the imperative (command form: pela, añade)
la advertencia
the warning / a tip to be careful
Antes de empezar, necesitas…
Before you start, you need…
Primero,… A continuación,…
First,… Next,…
Después,… Por último,…
Then,… Finally,…
Asegúrate de…
Make sure you…
Ten cuidado con…
Be careful with…
Which register does a set of instructions use?
A command register — imperative (pela) or infinitive (pelar); precise, ordered, direct; never tentative.
Name the five parts of a set of instructions.
Title → what you need → numbered steps → tip/warning → encouraging close.
Which criterion rewards the instructions' conventions?
Criterion C (Conceptual) — title, list of what's needed, ordered steps, consistent command form.
Give two sequence connectors for the steps.
«Primero,…» and «A continuación,…» (also «Después,…», «Por último,…»).
2.2.513 cards
el ensayo
the essay (a balanced, argued text)
la introducción
the introduction that presents the topic
la conclusión
the conclusion (a reasoned view)
Por un lado,… Por otro lado,…
On the one hand,… On the other hand,…
En la actualidad se debate si…
There is currently a debate about whether…
En conclusión, considero que…
In conclusion, I believe that…
Sin embargo,…
Nevertheless,… / However,…
Cabe añadir que…
It is worth adding that…
el argumento a favor / en contra
the argument for / against
Which register does an essay use?
Formal and balanced — impersonal, objective; both sides before a reasoned view.
Name the five parts of an essay.
Introduction → arguments for → arguments against → evaluation → conclusion.
Which criterion rewards the essay's conventions?
Criterion C (Conceptual) — introduction, balanced argument, reasoned conclusion, formal tone.
Give one essay opener and one essay concluder.
Opener: «En la actualidad se debate si…» Concluder: «En conclusión, considero que…»
Topic 2.2 study notes
Full notes & explanations for Professional texts
Spanish B exam skills
Paper structures, command terms & tips
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