Thinking and decision-making
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Flip to reveal answersWhat is dual processing theory?
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Question
What is dual processing theory?
Answer
Thinking uses fast, automatic System 1 and slow, effortful System 2.
Question
What is System 1?
Answer
Fast, automatic, effortless thinking that handles most decisions with shortcuts.
Question
What is System 2?
Answer
Slow, deliberate, effortful reasoning that can check and override System 1.
Question
What is a heuristic?
Answer
A mental shortcut used by System 1 to reach quick judgements.
Question
What is anchoring bias?
Answer
Over-weighting the first value you encounter when judging.
Question
What is confirmation bias?
Answer
Seeking and noticing information that fits existing beliefs.
Question
Why is bias 'efficiency backfiring'?
Answer
System 1 shortcuts are usually helpful and fast; they only mislead in tricky situations.
Question
One strength of dual processing?
Answer
Explains many biases and has practical value for improving decisions.
Question
One limitation of dual processing?
Answer
The 'two systems' may be a metaphor, not literal brain parts.
Question
How do you make better decisions?
Answer
Recognise when to slow down and engage System 2 to check System 1.
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Topic 3.4 hub
Learning and cognition
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