Practice Flashcards
Three ways to explain a mental-health disorder?
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All Flashcards in Topic 3.1
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3.1.110 cards
Three ways to explain a mental-health disorder?
Biological (chemistry/genes), cognitive (thinking patterns), sociocultural (social factors/stigma).
Biological explanation of depression?
Neurotransmitter differences (e.g. serotonin) and genetic vulnerability, via the diathesis-stress model.
Cognitive explanation of depression?
Negative thinking patterns and biases that deepen low mood.
Sociocultural explanation of depression?
Isolation, loss, poverty, discrimination, and cultural stigma.
What is the biopsychosocial model?
Biological, psychological and social factors interact to cause a disorder.
Why is 'just a chemical imbalance' criticised?
It is reductionist — the evidence points to interacting causes, not one.
One strength of the biological explanation?
It explains why medication can help, and there is genetic evidence.
One strength of the sociocultural explanation?
It explains social patterns and the effects of stigma on help-seeking.
Why does combined treatment often work best?
Because the causes interact, so treating body, mind and situation together helps more.
Are studies examinable here?
No — studies are illustrative; hypothetical or real examples in your own words are fine.
3.1.210 cards
Biological treatment for depression?
Medication (e.g. antidepressants) that alters neurotransmission.
Cognitive treatment for depression?
Therapy such as CBT that challenges and changes negative thinking.
Sociocultural treatment/support?
Building social support, reducing isolation and tackling stigma.
What is prevention (health promotion)?
Education, screening and reducing risk factors to stop problems before they start.
One strength of medication?
Can work quickly and is accessible for people in acute distress.
One limitation of medication?
Side effects, may not address root causes, and relapse risk.
One strength of CBT?
Tackles thinking patterns and gives lasting coping skills.
Why combine treatments?
The causes interact, so treating body, mind and situation together often works best.
How should effectiveness be judged?
With evidence — controlled trials and follow-up — not just testimonials.
Which concepts does treatment link to?
Change (improving wellbeing) and responsibility (effective, ethical care).
Topic 3.1 study notes
Full notes & explanations for Health and well-being
Psychology exam skills
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