The literary individual oral

the extract / passage

close reading

the analysis / interpretation

the (literary) device

the symbol

the metaphor

the tone

the narrative voice / narrator

the effect

to hold one's breath

Was passiert? (what happens) → Wie ist es geschrieben? (voice, tone, devices) → Was bedeutet das? (theme, effect).

Retelling says *what happens*; close reading notices *how it's written and what it suggests* — and earns the marks.

Mittel → Zitat → Wirkung (device → quotation → effect): name the device, quote it, explain its effect.

The last two — Wie ist es geschrieben? and Was bedeutet das? «Was passiert?» is just one sentence.

the individual oral

the literary extract (the HL oral stimulus)

the supervised preparation (~15 min)

the presentation (3–4 min)

the conversation (with the teacher)

to describe (what happens)

to interpret (what it means)

to relate (link the extract to the whole work)

the (assessment) criterion

the theme (big idea)

HL = a literary EXTRACT (ein literarischer Auszug) from one of the two works studied; SL = a visual stimulus (an image) on a course theme.

1) ~15 min supervised preparation (Vorbereitung), 2) 3–4 min presentation (Präsentation), 3) conversation on the work (Gespräch über das Werk), 4) broader conversation on the themes.

Out of 30: Kriterium A Sprache /12, Kriterium B Botschaft /12, Kriterium C Interaktion & rezeptive Fertigkeiten /6.

Describe it (beschreiben — what happens), interpret it (deuten — what it means), and relate it (verbinden) to the whole work — not just summarise.

the author shows… / the scene depicts… (describing)

the narrator tells us that… (describing)

the work is about… (describing)

this suggests that… (interpreting)

it can be understood as… (interpreting)

it symbolises… / it is a metaphor for… (interpreting)

this creates a sense of… (effect / interpreting)

in my opinion… / I find that… (personal response)

what particularly strikes me is… (personal response)

I can identify with … because… (justified personal response)

The literary present (das szenische Präsens): «der Autor zeigt…», «die Szene stellt … dar», «Marta sieht den Schnee» — even though you read it in the past.

It softens/hedges an opinion: «ich würde sagen, das Thema ist…» (I would say…) and «man könnte es als … verstehen» (one could understand it as…) — mature, tentative.

It describes how the text is constructed without naming an agent: «Die Einsamkeit wird durch das Fenster dargestellt» (werden + Partizip II).

It's an unjustified opinion — it earns nothing. Justify it: «ich finde es bewegend, WEIL…» / «was mir besonders auffällt, ist… weil…» (verb to the end after weil).