The variety of urban environments
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What is the CBD?
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All Flashcards in Topic 13.1
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13.1.112 cards
What is the CBD?
The **Central Business District** — a city's commercial core (shops, offices, banks) and most accessible point.
Define land value.
The **price or rent** of a piece of land. Highest at the CBD, falling towards the edge.
What is the peak land-value point (PLVP)?
The single **most expensive site** in a city, usually a main CBD junction.
What is bid-rent?
The idea that each land use will only **pay so much** for a site; the **highest bidder** wins the most accessible land.
Why does land value fall away from the CBD?
Accessibility drops with distance, so demand falls — and lower demand means **lower land value**.
What is the Burgess (concentric) model?
Land use in **rings** around the CBD: CBD, inner city, then successively newer housing outwards.
What is the Hoyt (sector) model?
Land use in **wedges (sectors)** growing out from the CBD along **transport routes**.
Why is industry usually on the urban edge?
It needs **cheap, spacious, accessible** land and cannot out-bid retail/offices for the costly CBD.
Name the three factor types that shape urban land use.
**Physical** (relief, coast), **economic** (land value, accessibility) and **political** (planning, zoning).
Why is the informal economy large in megacities like Lagos?
Rapid growth and migration leave **too few formal jobs**, so people rely on small-scale informal work to survive.
Give one political factor and its effect.
**Planning/zoning** — councils fix where activities can locate (e.g. Singapore zones industry onto reclaimed coast).
What does a top [10] Examine answer need?
Two+ developed factors, a named city, a weighing of their relative importance, and a clear judgement.
Topic 13.1 study notes
Full notes & explanations for The variety of urban environments
Geography exam skills
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