Changing leisure patterns
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Define leisure.
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All Flashcards in Topic 11.1
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11.1.112 cards
Define leisure.
The **free time** left after work, study and chores - used for rest or activity (passive or active).
Define participation (leisure/sport).
**Who takes part, how much, and in what** - it is very uneven across groups and places.
What is a participation rate?
The **share of a group** that takes part in a leisure activity or sport.
Define affluence and its effect.
**Wealth / disposable income** - it raises participation by buying time, equipment and access.
What is lifecycle stage?
Your **age and life stage** (student, working parent, retiree) - it reshapes how much free time you have.
How does human development affect participation?
Higher development brings more **wealth, leisure time, facilities and fairer attitudes** - lifting participation.
Two things participation needs?
**Free time** to take part AND the **money, facilities and acceptance** to actually do it.
Why does affluence raise participation?
Disposable income pays for **kit, travel and club fees**, so wealthier people take part more; cost is a barrier for the poor.
How does gender shape participation?
Equal-rights laws and role models (e.g. **Title IX**) open sport to women; cultural exclusion keeps female participation low.
Name a real participation driver.
**London 2012** legacy facilities, **Title IX** (USA equal funding for women), or **Norway's** low-cost sport-for-all model.
Why is place of residence a factor?
Cities have nearby pools, pitches and stadiums; remote or poor areas lack facilities, so urban residents take part more.
What does a top [10] participation essay need?
Both sides (economic AND social/cultural), named examples, accurate terms, and a justified judgement.
11.1.212 cards
Define tourism.
Travel away from home for **leisure, recreation or business**, staying at least one night.
How much has international tourism grown?
From about **25 million** trips in 1950 to over a **billion** international arrivals a year today.
Define international arrivals.
The number of visitors **crossing a border** into a country each year.
Define a tourist hotspot.
A destination that attracts **very large** visitor numbers (a city, resort or honeypot site).
How do you find the range of a data set?
**Highest value minus the lowest value** — the spread of the data.
How do you find the median of a ranked list?
The **middle value** once the data is ordered (with 9 values, the 5th; with an even count, average the two middle values).
On a line graph, what is the steepest segment?
The period of **fastest growth** — the biggest jump in visitor numbers between two years.
How does social media raise visitor numbers?
Reviews/influencers raise **awareness** -> a place looks 'must-see' -> easy booking turns interest into trips -> arrivals **surge**.
Name two drivers of tourism growth.
**Cheaper air travel** and **rising incomes** (also more leisure time, technology, social media and mega-events).
What can reverse tourism growth?
**Shocks** — recessions, conflict, disease outbreaks and travel bans cut arrivals sharply.
Why is Dubai a tourism-growth case study?
It grew into a hotspot via an **airline hub** (Emirates), attractions and heavy **marketing** — engineered growth.
What is carrying capacity in tourism?
The most visitors a place can take before the **experience or environment** is damaged (e.g. Venice, the Lake District).
Topic 11.1 study notes
Full notes & explanations for Changing leisure patterns
Geography exam skills
Paper structures, command terms & tips
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