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Topic 3.3French B SL70 flashcards

Future, conditional & mood

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Card 1 of 703.3.1
3.3.1
Question

le futur simple

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3.3.114 cards

Card 1definition
Question

le futur simple

Answer

the simple future tense («will + verb»)

Card 2definition
Question

parler → je (futur)

Answer

je parlerai (I will speak)

Card 3definition
Question

finir → je (futur)

Answer

je finirai (I will finish)

Card 4definition
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vendre → je (futur)

Answer

je vendrai (I will sell) — -re verbs drop the final -e

Card 5definition
Question

parler → ils (futur)

Answer

ils parleront (they will speak)

Card 6definition
Question

être → je (futur)

Answer

je serai (I will be) — irregular stem ser-

Card 7definition
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avoir → je (futur)

Answer

j'aurai (I will have) — irregular stem aur-

Card 8definition
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aller → je (futur)

Answer

j'irai (I will go) — irregular stem ir-

Card 9definition
Question

faire → je (futur)

Answer

je ferai (I will do/make) — irregular stem fer-

Card 10definition
Question

venir → je (futur)

Answer

je viendrai (I will come) — irregular stem viendr-

Card 11concept
Question

How do you form the regular future?

Answer

Take the infinitive (drop the final -e of -re verbs) and add -ai/-as/-a/-ons/-ez/-ont — the same endings for every verb.

Card 12concept
Question

Name three uses of the future tense.

Answer

Future plans, predictions, and the result clause after «si» («Si tu viens, on s'amusera»).

Card 13concept
Question

What is the common near-future alternative?

Answer

Le futur proche = aller (present) + infinitive — e.g. «je vais étudier ce soir» means roughly the same as «j'étudierai ce soir».

Card 14concept
Question

What are the typical future errors anglophones make?

Answer

Using -ais (conditional = would) instead of -ai (future = will), putting the future after «si» (it needs the present), and regularising an irregular stem (j'avoirai instead of j'aurai).

3.3.214 cards

Card 15definition
Question

le conditionnel présent

Answer

the conditional tense («would + verb»)

Card 16definition
Question

parler → je (conditionnel)

Answer

je parlerais (I would speak)

Card 17definition
Question

finir → je (conditionnel)

Answer

je finirais (I would finish)

Card 18definition
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prendre → je (conditionnel)

Answer

je prendrais (I would take) — drop the final -e of prendre

Card 19definition
Question

parler → nous (conditionnel)

Answer

nous parlerions (we would speak) — note the -ions ending

Card 20definition
Question

être → je (conditionnel)

Answer

je serais (I would be) — irregular stem ser-

Card 21definition
Question

avoir → je (conditionnel)

Answer

j'aurais (I would have) — irregular stem aur-

Card 22definition
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aller → je (conditionnel)

Answer

j'irais (I would go) — irregular stem ir-

Card 23definition
Question

pouvoir → je (conditionnel)

Answer

je pourrais (I could / would be able) — irregular stem pourr-

Card 24definition
Question

je voudrais

Answer

I would like (a polite, very common conditional phrase)

Card 25concept
Question

How do you form the conditional?

Answer

Take the futur stem (the whole infinitive for -er/-ir, drop final -e for -re) and add the imparfait endings -ais/-ais/-ait/-ions/-iez/-aient.

Card 26concept
Question

Name three uses of the conditional.

Answer

Politeness («je voudrais», «pourriez-vous… ?»), the «si» hypothesis («Si j'avais le temps, je lirais»), and the future-in-the-past («il a dit qu'il viendrait»).

Card 27concept
Question

What tense follows «si» for an unreal condition?

Answer

The IMPARFAIT — «Si j'avais le temps, je lirais». The conditional goes in the result clause, NEVER inside «si».

Card 28concept
Question

What is the classic conditional error for anglophones?

Answer

Putting the conditional inside the «si» clause (*si je voudrais*) — wrong. «si» takes the imparfait; the conditional goes in the other clause.

3.3.314 cards

Card 29definition
Question

le subjonctif présent

Answer

the present subjunctive (the mood for wishes, necessity, doubt and emotion)

Card 30definition
Question

finir → subjonctif (que je)

Answer

finisse (ils finissent → drop -ent → finiss- + -e)

Card 31definition
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prendre → subjonctif (que je)

Answer

prenne (ils prennent → prenn- + -e; the stem change carries over)

Card 32definition
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parler → subjonctif (que je)

Answer

parle (ils parlent → parl- + -e)

Card 33definition
Question

finir → subjonctif (que nous)

Answer

finissions (the nous/vous forms look like the imperfect)

Card 34definition
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être → subjonctif (que je)

Answer

sois (irregular — to be)

Card 35definition
Question

avoir → subjonctif (que je)

Answer

aie (irregular — to have)

Card 36definition
Question

aller → subjonctif (que je)

Answer

aille (irregular — to go; nous allions)

Card 37definition
Question

faire → subjonctif (que je)

Answer

fasse (irregular — to do/make)

Card 38definition
Question

pouvoir → subjonctif (que je)

Answer

puisse (irregular — to be able)

Card 39concept
Question

How do you build the present subjunctive?

Answer

Take the present «ils/elles» form, drop the -ent, add -e/-es/-e/-ions/-iez/-ent.

Card 40concept
Question

What is the «ils-stem» rule?

Answer

Most subjunctive stems come from the present «ils» form: ils finissent → que je finisse; ils prennent → que je prenne.

Card 41concept
Question

Name the six common irregular present subjunctives.

Answer

être→sois, avoir→aie, aller→aille, faire→fasse, pouvoir→puisse, savoir→sache.

Card 42concept
Question

What is the typical subjunctive error for English speakers?

Answer

Leaving the indicative after a trigger (tu finis instead of tu finisses), forgetting an irregular (tu es instead of tu sois), or dropping «que».

3.3.414 cards

Card 43definition
Question

le déclencheur (subjonctif)

Answer

the trigger — the phrase that calls for the subjunctive (il faut que, je veux que…)

Card 44definition
Question

il faut que / il est important que

Answer

necessity triggers — « Il faut que tu viennes » (You have to come)

Card 45definition
Question

je veux que / je souhaite que

Answer

wish/will triggers — « Je veux que tu sois à l'heure »

Card 46definition
Question

je suis content(e) que / j'ai peur que

Answer

emotion triggers — « Je suis content que tu viennes »

Card 47definition
Question

je doute que / je ne pense pas que

Answer

doubt/denial triggers — « Je doute que ce soit vrai »

Card 48definition
Question

bien que / pour que / avant que

Answer

conjunctions that always take the subjunctive — « pour que tu comprennes »

Card 49definition
Question

être → soit, avoir → ait, faire → fasse

Answer

key irregular subjunctive forms to memorise (also aller → aille, venir → vienne)

Card 50definition
Question

je pense que vs je ne pense pas que

Answer

je pense qu'il vient (indicative, affirmed) vs je ne pense pas qu'il vienne (subjunctive, doubted)

Card 51definition
Question

le changement de sujet

Answer

the change of subject — needed for « que » + subjunctive; otherwise use the infinitive

Card 52definition
Question

« j'espère que » — quel mode ?

Answer

the INDICATIVE — « j'espère que tu viens », not the subjunctive (a famous French exception)

Card 53concept
Question

What is the golden rule for the subjunctive?

Answer

Trigger (necessity/wish/emotion/doubt) + « que » + a CHANGE of subject.

Card 54concept
Question

When do you use the infinitive instead of « que » + subjunctive?

Answer

When both halves share the SAME subject — « je veux partir », not « je veux que je parte ».

Card 55concept
Question

Does « je pense que » take the subjunctive?

Answer

No — affirmed beliefs take the INDICATIVE (« je pense qu'il vient »); only the negative « je ne pense pas que » takes the subjunctive.

Card 56concept
Question

Name three subjunctive trigger families.

Answer

Necessity (il faut que), wish (je veux que), doubt/denial (je doute que) — plus emotion and conjunctions (bien que, pour que).

3.3.514 cards

Card 57definition
Question

l'impératif

Answer

the imperative — the command form («do this!»); only three forms: tu, nous, vous

Card 58definition
Question

parler → impératif (tu)

Answer

Parle ! (speak! — drop «tu» AND the final -s of an -er verb)

Card 59definition
Question

finir → impératif (tu)

Answer

Finis ! (finish! — -ir verbs keep the -s)

Card 60definition
Question

parler → impératif (nous)

Answer

Parlons ! (let's speak! — the «nous» command)

Card 61definition
Question

parler → impératif (vous)

Answer

Parlez ! (speak! — formal or plural)

Card 62definition
Question

Negative imperative

Answer

Wrap « ne … pas » around the verb: «Ne parle pas !», «N'oublie pas !»

Card 63definition
Question

Reflexive imperative (affirmative)

Answer

Pronoun attaches with a hyphen, te → toi: «Lève-toi !», «Dépêchons-nous !»

Card 64definition
Question

Reflexive imperative (negative)

Answer

Pronoun goes BEFORE the verb: «Ne te lève pas !», «Ne nous dépêchons pas !»

Card 65definition
Question

être / avoir / aller → impératif

Answer

sois/soyons/soyez · aie/ayons/ayez · va/allons/allez (irregulars to learn by heart)

Card 66definition
Question

aller → impératif (tu) + «vas-y»

Answer

Va ! (go!) — but keep the -s before y/en for liaison: «Vas-y !», «Manges-en !»

Card 67concept
Question

How is the imperative formed?

Answer

Take the present tu/nous/vous forms and DROP the subject pronoun; -er «tu» commands also drop the final -s.

Card 68concept
Question

Why do you write «Mange !» but «Finis !»?

Answer

-er verbs drop the final -s in the «tu» command (manges → Mange), but -ir/-re verbs keep it (Finis, Prends).

Card 69concept
Question

Where does the pronoun go with commands?

Answer

Attached with a hyphen after an affirmative (Lève-toi !, Donne-le-moi) but before a negative (Ne te lève pas !).

Card 70concept
Question

What is a common imperative error?

Answer

Keeping the subject pronoun (tu parle), forgetting the dropped -s (manges), wrong pronoun placement, or using the infinitive as a command (Fermer instead of Ferme).

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IB French B SL Topic 3.3 Flashcards | Future, conditional & mood | Aimnova | Aimnova