Topic 2.7BM HL16 flashcards

Industrial/employee relations (HL only)

SL HL

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Card 1 of 162.7.1

Question

Five types of industrial action?

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All Flashcards in Topic 2.7

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2.7.110 cards

Card 1concept

Question

Five types of industrial action?

Answer

Strike, work-to-rule, go-slow, overtime ban, lockout (employer).

💡 Hint

Strike, WTR, go-slow, OT ban, lockout

Card 2definition

Question

Collective bargaining = ___

Answer

Negotiation between employer and trade union reps on behalf of all workers.

💡 Hint

Union negotiates for all

Card 3concept

Question

Five sources of industrial conflict?

Answer

Pay/conditions, working hours/contracts, job security, health/safety, management style.

💡 Hint

Pay, hours, security, safety, style

Card 4definition

Question

Work-to-rule = ___

Answer

Employees do only the minimum required by contract — slows everything without technically striking.

💡 Hint

Minimum only

Card 5concept

Question

Conciliation vs arbitration?

Answer

Conciliation: neutral party helps communicate. Arbitration: independent person makes a BINDING decision.

💡 Hint

Help talk vs binding decision

Card 6definition

Question

Industrial relations covers the relationship between ___

Answer

Employers and employees — and how conflicts are prevented or resolved.

💡 Hint

Employers + employees

Card 7concept

Question

Lockout differs from strike because ___

Answer

Lockout is by the EMPLOYER — preventing workers from entering the workplace.

💡 Hint

Employer action

Card 8concept

Question

Employee participation methods?

Answer

Works councils, worker directors — involving workers in decisions.

💡 Hint

Councils + worker directors

Card 9definition

Question

No-strike agreement = ___

Answer

Union agrees not to strike in exchange for binding arbitration — prevents disruption.

💡 Hint

No strike, binding arbitration

Card 10concept

Question

Industrial action is a last resort because ___

Answer

It damages both sides — workers lose pay, businesses lose revenue and reputation.

💡 Hint

Both sides lose

2.7.26 cards

Card 11concept

Question

Union membership is ___ in many countries but still important ___

Answer

Declining; globally — especially in manufacturing and public sectors.

💡 Hint

Declining but important

Card 12definition

Question

What is a trade union?

Answer

An organization of workers that collectively negotiates with employers over pay, conditions and rights.

💡 Hint

Workers negotiate collectively

Card 13concept

Question

Link unions to motivation, communication, and ___

Answer

Organizational structure — unions affect how decisions are made and communicated.

💡 Hint

Structure

Card 14concept

Question

Two advantages of unions for employees?

Answer

Stronger bargaining power, better pay/conditions, legal protection, health/safety support.

💡 Hint

Power + pay + protection

Card 15concept

Question

Two impacts of unions on businesses?

Answer

Can increase labour costs and slow decisions, BUT can improve relations and reduce turnover.

💡 Hint

Costs + slow BUT relations + retention

Card 16concept

Question

Single point of contact benefit?

Answer

Negotiating with one union is more efficient than dealing with individual employees separately.

💡 Hint

Efficiency in negotiation

Topic 2.7 study notes

Full notes & explanations for Industrial/employee relations (HL only)

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