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All 14 Flashcards — Present perfect
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Question
el pretérito perfecto
Answer
the present perfect (haber + past participle = «have/has done»)
Question
haber (presente)
Answer
he, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han
Question
hablar → participio
Answer
hablado (he hablado = I have spoken)
Question
comer → participio
Answer
comido (he comido = I have eaten)
Question
vivir → participio
Answer
vivido (he vivido = I have lived)
Question
hacer → participio
Answer
hecho (he hecho = I have done/made)
Question
decir → participio
Answer
dicho (he dicho = I have said)
Question
ver → participio
Answer
visto (he visto = I have seen)
Question
escribir → participio
Answer
escrito (he escrito = I have written)
Question
volver / poner / abrir → participio
Answer
vuelto / puesto / abierto (he vuelto, he puesto, he abierto)
Question
How do you form the present perfect?
Answer
Conjugate haber (he/has/ha/hemos/habéis/han) for the person, then add the past participle (-ado / -ido).
Question
When do you use the present perfect?
Answer
For the recent past connected to now (hoy, esta semana), for ya / todavía no, and for life experience («¿Has estado alguna vez…?»).
Question
Does the participle agree with the subject?
Answer
No — after haber the participle never changes for gender or number: «he comido», never «he comida».
Question
What are the most common present-perfect errors?
Answer
Agreeing the participle after haber, splitting haber + participle, or using a wrong irregular («escribido» instead of «escrito»).
Read the notes
Full study notes for Present perfect
Topic 3.2 hub
Past tenses
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Spanish B exam skills
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