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All 13 Flashcards — Cultural bias
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Question
What is cultural bias?
Answer
Judging or measuring one culture by the standards of another.
Question
What is ethnocentrism?
Answer
Seeing your own culture as the normal or correct one, and judging others by it.
Question
What is the emic approach?
Answer
Studying a culture from the inside, on its own terms and in its own concepts.
Question
What is the etic approach?
Answer
Comparing cultures from the outside using shared, general measures.
Question
What is an imposed etic?
Answer
Using a method built in one culture on another as if it were neutral for everyone.
Question
What can cultural bias affect in mental health?
Answer
Diagnosis, prevalence statistics and treatment.
Question
One way to reduce cultural bias?
Answer
Use emic methods, local researchers, and translate then back-translate the measure.
Question
What is 'back-translation'?
Answer
Translating a measure into a language and back again to check the meaning survived.
Question
What are WEIRD samples?
Answer
Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, Democratic — over-used and wrongly treated as universal.
Question
Why is an etic approach not the same as cultural bias?
Answer
An etic approach compares cultures with a shared measure, which science needs. Bias comes when the measure is imposed without checking that it fits.
Question
Why can prevalence statistics mislead across cultures?
Answer
They count diagnoses. If symptoms are expressed differently or not recognised, a disorder looks rarer or more common than it is.
Question
How can cultural bias enter a diagnosis?
Answer
The clinician reads the patient's behaviour against her own cultural norms, and the symptom lists were written mostly in Western countries.
Question
What is prevalence?
Answer
How common a disorder is in a population.
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Full study notes for Cultural bias
Topic 1.1 hub
Bias
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Psychology exam skills
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