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All 10 Flashcards — Types of bias
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Question
What is bias (in psychology)?
Answer
A tendency to see or report things in a way that is not fully objective — a tilt away from the truth.
Question
What is objectivity?
Answer
Judging based on facts, not on personal feelings or expectations.
Question
What is sampling bias?
Answer
When the people studied don't represent the wider group you want to describe.
Question
What is researcher bias?
Answer
When a researcher's expectations shape how they run or interpret a study.
Question
What is participant bias?
Answer
When people change their behaviour because they know they are being studied.
Question
What is confirmation bias?
Answer
Noticing evidence that fits what you expect and ignoring evidence that doesn't.
Question
What is publication bias?
Answer
When mostly positive results get published, hiding the studies where nothing happened.
Question
Why does bias matter?
Answer
It threatens objectivity, so the findings become less trustworthy.
Question
One way to reduce researcher bias?
Answer
Use a double-blind design so neither the participant nor the tester knows the condition.
Question
Which of the four Paper 2 §B concepts is this?
Answer
Bias — alongside causality, measurement and responsibility.
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Full study notes for Types of bias
Topic 1.1 hub
Bias
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