Unit 1 · Space, time and motion · Topic 1.5

IB Physics HL — Galilean and special relativity (HL)

Topic 1.5 of IB Physics covers Galilean and special relativity (HL), which is part of Unit 1: Space, time and motion. Students explore key concepts including Galilean relativity, Postulates of special relativity, Lorentz transformations, Space-time diagrams. A strong understanding of galilean and special relativity (hl) is essential for IB Physics HL exams and builds the foundation for connected topics across the syllabus.

Exam technique guide Practice questions

What you'll learn in Topic 1.5

1.5.1 Galilean relativity
1.5.2 Postulates of special relativity
1.5.3 Lorentz transformations
1.5.4 Space-time diagrams

Suggested study order: Read the notes for each sub-topic below → test yourself with flashcards → attempt practice questions → review exam technique.

Study resources — 1.5 Galilean and special relativity (HL)

1.5.1

Galilean relativity

Notes

1.5.2

Postulates of special relativity

Notes

1.5.3

Lorentz transformations

Notes

1.5.4

Space-time diagrams

Notes

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Topic 1.5 Galilean and special relativity (HL) forms a core part of Unit 1: Space, time and motion in IB Physics HL. Mastering these concepts will strengthen your understanding of connected topics across the syllabus and prepare you for exam questions that require analysis, evaluation, and real-world application.

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