Back to Topic 10.6 — Creating Capabilities — Nussbaum
10.6.4Philosophy SL8 flashcards

A theory of justice?

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10.6.4
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The capabilities approach as a theory of justice?

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Card 1definition

Question

The capabilities approach as a theory of justice?

Answer

A society owes every member a decent minimum of the ten capabilities — a better measure than wealth or happiness.

Card 2concept

Question

Why does capabilities beat GDP?

Answer

A country's average wealth can rise while real individuals stay poor and unfree — GDP hides the people left out.

Card 3concept

Question

Why does capabilities beat utilitarianism?

Answer

Happiness uses an average that can hide a suffering minority — and 'happy' people may simply have been taught to expect nothing.

Card 4definition

Question

Adaptive preferences?

Answer

Wanting less because you've been taught to expect less — so a deprived person can report contentment and the injustice hides.

Card 5concept

Question

The paternalism objection to the list?

Answer

That a Western philosopher writing one list of 'the good life' imposes her culture's values on others who see things differently.

Card 6concept

Question

Nussbaum's replies to the paternalism charge?

Answer

The list is general (each culture fills it in), aims at freedom not forced functioning, and was built by listening across cultures.

Card 7concept

Question

Why can't a pure 'never judge' relativism work for her?

Answer

It would stop you criticising real injustices like denying girls school — which most people do want to call unjust.

Card 8definition

Question

How is Paper 2 on the text structured?

Answer

Open-book, 1 hour: (a) explain a concept [10] and (b) evaluate a claim [15]; quote the text to support your points.

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