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All 8 Flashcards — Government by virtue
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Question
Government by virtue?
Answer
Leading people by the ruler's own moral example rather than by law and punishment.
Question
Why rule by virtue not force?
Answer
Rule by punishment gets obedience but no shame; rule by example builds a real sense of right — grass bends to the wind.
Question
The rectification of names?
Answer
Making sure people truly live up to the roles their titles name — 'let the ruler be a ruler, the parent a parent'.
Question
Is the rectification of names about rank or duty?
Answer
Duty — a 'ruler' who stops ruling well loses the name; the title is earned by living up to its responsibilities.
Question
How do the topic's four ideas fit together?
Answer
Xiao (family) → ren (care) → li (custom) → junzi (exemplary leaders) → a harmonious society, from home to state.
Question
The harmonious society?
Answer
A society held together by care, good custom and trust rather than fear and force — the whole vision working at once.
Question
The gamble in government by virtue?
Answer
It assumes rulers become good and people follow good example — with little backup when a leader is bad (a key (b) evaluation point).
Question
How is Paper 2 on the Analects structured?
Answer
Open-book, 1 hour: (a) explain a concept [10] and (b) evaluate a claim [15]; quote the text to support your points.
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Topic 10.2 hub
The Analects — Confucius
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