The impact of the Rwandan genocide
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Flip to reveal answersHow many people were killed in the 1994 Rwandan genocide, and over what period?
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Question
How many people were killed in the 1994 Rwandan genocide, and over what period?
Answer
About 800,000 people, mostly Tutsi and moderate Hutu, in roughly 100 days from April to July 1994.
Question
Define genocide.
Answer
The deliberate attempt to destroy a whole national, ethnic or religious group.
Question
What was the RPF?
Answer
The Rwandan Patriotic Front, a mainly Tutsi rebel army that invaded in 1990 and captured Kigali in July 1994.
Question
How did the genocide end?
Answer
The RPF won the civil war and captured Kigali in July 1994; Paul Kagame became the country's leader.
Question
What was the refugee crisis after the genocide?
Answer
Around two million Hutu fled, mainly to Goma in Zaire, where a cholera outbreak killed tens of thousands more.
Question
What was the ICTR?
Answer
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, set up by the UN in Arusha in 1994 to try the genocide's organisers.
Question
What were gacaca courts?
Answer
Revived village-level community courts used to try the huge backlog of ordinary genocide cases inside Rwanda.
Question
How did the genocide help cause the First Congo War?
Answer
Refugee camps in Zaire became bases for armed Hutu groups; Rwanda backed a rebellion in 1996 that grew into a war toppling Mobutu in 1997.
Question
Name the five main areas of impact of the genocide.
Answer
Human loss, refugee crisis, political change, the search for justice, and regional war.
Question
What happened to Zaire's ruler Mobutu after the genocide's spillover?
Answer
He was toppled in 1997 during the First Congo War, and the country was renamed the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Question
What does the command term 'evaluate' require?
Answer
A judgement: weigh the impacts against each other and reach a supported conclusion, not just a list.
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Topic 5.1 hub
Rwanda (1990–1998)
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