Women, minorities and the extent of control
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Question
Define totalitarian.
Answer
A regime that tries to control every part of life — politics, economy, family and belief — leaving no private space. An ideal aimed at, not always fully achieved.
Question
Define pronatalism.
Answer
Government policy encouraging women to have more children to grow the population (e.g. marriage loans, medals, banning contraception).
Question
Define accommodation (in the control debate).
Answer
When ordinary people go along with a regime for safety or benefit without truly believing in it — evidence that obedience is not the same as total control.
Question
What was Nazi policy toward women?
Answer
Push women OUT of work and back to the home — 'Kinder, Küche, Kirche' (children, kitchen, church) — with marriage loans and medals for large families (pronatalism).
Question
What was Soviet policy toward women?
Answer
MOBILISE women into factories, farms and professions, supported by childcare and literacy drives, because the planned economy needed their labour.
Question
How did Nazi and Soviet women's policies compare?
Answer
Opposite: Nazi Germany pushed women home (racial/traditionalist ideology); the USSR pushed them into work (class/modernising ideology).
Question
What were the Nuremberg Laws (1935)?
Answer
Nazi racial laws that stripped Jews of German citizenship and banned marriage between Jews and non-Jews — escalating toward the Holocaust.
Question
How did Stalin's USSR treat 'enemy' nationalities?
Answer
By persecution and mass deportation — whole peoples (e.g. Crimean Tatars, Chechens) were forcibly moved to Central Asia during WWII.
Question
What was Mao's China's approach to women?
Answer
Promoted that 'women hold up half the sky' and pulled women into collective labour and Party work — closer to the Soviet model than the Nazi one.
Question
What is the 'extent of control' debate?
Answer
The argument over how total totalitarian rule really was. Churches, families, black markets and private belief survived, so control was vast but never complete.
Question
Why must Paper 2 essays use two states from different regions?
Answer
The rubric requires examples from two different IB regions (Europe; Africa & the Middle East; the Americas; Asia & Oceania) — e.g. Nazi Germany (Europe) + Mao's China (Asia).
Question
What does the command 'to what extent' require?
Answer
A weighed judgement: balance the scope of control against its limits and reach a supported conclusion — not a list or narrative.
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Topic 15.3 hub
Aims and results of policies
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