Practice Flashcards
Flip to reveal answersWhen did Richard I reign, and which Paper 1 region is he?
Track your progress — Sign up free to save your progress and get smart review reminders based on spaced repetition.
All 12 Flashcards — Richard I — Impact
Sign up free to track progress and get spaced-repetition review schedules.
Question
When did Richard I reign, and which Paper 1 region is he?
Answer
1189–1199; he is a EUROPEAN case study (King of England, campaigning in France and the Holy Land). Keep him separate from Genghis Khan (Asia).
Question
What single fact drives most of Richard I's 'impact'?
Answer
His near-total ABSENCE — under a year of a ten-year reign in England (Third Crusade 1190–92, then captivity 1192–94).
Question
Who was Prince John and what was his impact?
Answer
Richard's younger brother, who plotted to seize power during Richard's absence and captivity, causing political instability in England.
Question
How did Richard's absence affect the Capetian monarchy?
Answer
Philip II exploited it to attack Angevin lands and expand royal control, growing the prestige and strength of the Capetian monarchy in France.
Question
What was the ransom of 1193?
Answer
About 150,000 marks demanded for Richard's release after capture by Duke Leopold V of Austria and handover to Emperor Henry VI — several times the crown's annual income.
Question
Give one concrete economic consequence of the 1193 ransom.
Answer
Extraordinary taxes: a levy of roughly a quarter of incomes/moveables, church plate surrendered, and the Cistercian monasteries' wool clip taken.
Question
What was the York massacre and when did it happen?
Answer
The mass killing of York's Jewish community in March 1190, amid anti-Jewish violence around Richard's coronation and the crusade.
Question
What happened to Muslim prisoners at Ayyadieh in 1191?
Answer
Richard ordered the execution of around 2,700 Muslim prisoners near Acre after negotiations with Saladin broke down.
Question
What does Q4 require on Paper 1?
Answer
Using the sources AND your own knowledge, evaluate a claim — a balanced, two-sided argument reaching a supported verdict, worth 9 marks.
Question
Contrast Richard's impact at home vs abroad.
Answer
Home: absence → John's plots, instability, heavy taxation/ransom, York massacre. Abroad: Philip II expands Capetian control; crusade victories but no Jerusalem; prisoners executed 1191.
Question
What ended the Third Crusade for Richard?
Answer
A truce agreed with Saladin in 1192; Richard never recaptured Jerusalem and headed home, only to be captured.
Question
Why integrate own knowledge in a Q4 on Richard?
Answer
Q4 explicitly rewards facts the sources don't supply — e.g. the ransom figure, the York date (1190), and Philip II's territorial gains.
Read the notes
Full study notes for Richard I — Impact
Topic 1.2 hub
Richard I of England (1173–1199)
More from Topic 1.2
All flashcards in this topic
History exam skills
Paper structures & tips
Track your progress with spaced repetition
Sign up free — Aimnova tells you exactly which cards to review and when, so you remember everything before your IB exam.
Start Free