Aid

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Money, goods or help given by richer countries or organisations to poorer ones, as emergency relief or longer-term development support.

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Short-term emergency help after a disaster, war or famine — food, shelter and medicine to save lives.

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Longer-term help to build a country's schools, clinics, infrastructure, skills and economy so it can grow.

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Bilateral aid goes directly from one country to another; multilateral aid is pooled through an organisation like the UN or World Bank.

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Aid the receiver must spend on the donor's own companies or goods — a string that benefits the giver.

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Aid given only if the receiver makes certain policy changes; conditions can push reform but can also serve the donor.

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Large, unconditional aid can replace self-reliance, prop up corrupt governments, distort local markets and come with strings that serve the donor.

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It saves lives in emergencies and funds the health, education, clean water and infrastructure poor countries cannot afford alone.

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When it is well-targeted, well-governed and builds capacity, rather than large, unconditional or channelled through corrupt hands.

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Conditions can push governments toward reform and transparency and help ensure aid is not stolen or wasted.

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Conditions can serve the donor's interests, force harmful one-size-fits-all policies on poor countries, and undermine their sovereignty and democracy.