Energy security

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Reliable access to enough affordable energy to power a country's homes, industry, health and education.

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It powers industry and jobs, lets clinics and schools function, connects people to information, and ending energy poverty lifts living standards.

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When people lack reliable, affordable, modern energy — relying on wood, charcoal or nothing — harming health and holding back development.

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The way control of oil, gas and energy supplies gives some countries power over others, and cutting supply can be used as a weapon.

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Skipping expensive, dirty central grids by going straight to off-grid clean energy like solar, bringing power to remote areas for the first time.

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They are cheap, reliable and proven for heavy industry, the rich developed using them, and poorer countries have emitted little so far.

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Solar and wind are now often cheaper, reach remote areas off-grid, avoid import dependence and price shocks, and fight climate change.

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Because countries rich in oil and gas can pressure those that depend on them, and cutting supply can be used as leverage in global politics.

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Shifting to clean energy in a way that does not leave the poor paying the upfront cost, often with richer countries helping finance it.

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Relying on burning wood or charcoal indoors causes disease, and clinics without power cannot refrigerate vaccines or run equipment.

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The clean-energy shift is increasingly the better path — cheaper and cleaner — but only if it is a just, financed transition so the poor are not left paying the upfront cost.