Responding, recovery and future resilience
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Flip to reveal answersDefine resilience (hazards).
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Question
Define resilience (hazards).
Answer
The **capacity of people and places to absorb a hazard, recover, and adapt** so future events cause less harm.
Question
Define vulnerability.
Answer
How **exposed and susceptible** a community is to loss when a hazard strikes; resilience reduces it.
Question
Response vs recovery?
Answer
**Response** = immediate emergency actions (rescue, aid); **recovery** = the longer rebuilding and restoring of normal life.
Question
Pre-event vs post-event management?
Answer
**Pre-event** = before the hazard (prediction, codes, preparation); **post-event** = after (rescue, aid, reconstruction).
Question
Name two post-event strategies that cut vulnerability.
Answer
Coordinated search and rescue; communications tech (drones/satellite); plus medical aid, reconstruction/retrofitting, insurance, hazard mapping.
Question
How does communications technology aid response?
Answer
**Drones** find survivors where roads are cut; **satellite/remote sensing** maps the worst-hit zones; **social media** crowd-sources need.
Question
Why is Haiti 2010 a low-resilience case study?
Answer
Poor building quality, weak governance and limited services gave **high vulnerability** (~220,000 deaths) and a slow, aid-dependent recovery.
Question
Why is Tohoku 2011 instructive?
Answer
Strict codes limited quake deaths, but the **tsunami overtopped sea walls** and caused the Fukushima crisis - resilience improved via re-zoning the coast.
Question
What was Nevado del Ruiz 1985?
Answer
A Colombian eruption whose **lahar buried Armero** (~23,000 deaths) after warnings were ignored - a failure of preparation and response.
Question
Give one reason future hazard risk may RISE.
Answer
Population pressure and urbanisation put more people on fragile slopes/coasts; climate change brings heavier rain triggering more mass movement.
Question
Give one reason future hazard risk may FALL.
Answer
Slope stabilisation, land-use zoning, building codes, prediction/warning and education reduce vulnerability faster than exposure grows.
Question
What does a top [10] Evaluate/Examine answer need?
Answer
Balanced weighing (raise vs lower, or works vs fails), named events with data, accurate terms, and a justified conclusion.
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Full study notes for Responding, recovery and future resilience
Topic 10.4 hub
Future resilience and adaptation
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