Gender, fertility and population policies
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Flip to reveal answersDefine the fertility rate.
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Question
Define the fertility rate.
Answer
The average number of children a woman has during her lifetime.
Question
What happens to fertility as women's status rises?
Answer
It **falls** -- women marry later and choose smaller families.
Question
Give two reasons fertility falls when women's status improves.
Answer
Education delays childbearing; paid work raises the cost of children (also decision-making power, family planning).
Question
Define a pro-natal policy.
Answer
A policy that **encourages** more births, e.g. baby bonuses or parental leave.
Question
Define an anti-natal policy.
Answer
A policy that **discourages** births to slow population growth.
Question
Name two policies that advance gender equality.
Answer
Girls' education laws and parliamentary quotas for women (e.g. Rwanda).
Question
Why does girls' education lower fertility?
Answer
Girls who stay in school marry later, shortening the childbearing years.
Question
If women are 70% of graduates, what share are men?
Answer
**30%** -- the two shares add up to 100%.
Question
Estimate vs Determine on data?
Answer
**Estimate** = read a value off the figure; **Determine** = do a quick calculation (e.g. 100 - 70).
Question
How do you Evaluate an infographic claim?
Answer
Weigh supporting evidence against its limits/gaps, then give a justified judgement.
Question
Name a pro-natal example.
Answer
**France** -- generous parental leave and child benefits to lift low fertility.
Question
Why is a pie chart good for a 70%/30% split?
Answer
It shows each group as a proportion of the whole, so the gap is clear at a glance.
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Full study notes for Gender, fertility and population policies
Topic 1.3 hub
Population challenges and opportunities
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