Voluntary internal migration and place change
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Question
Define voluntary internal migration.
Answer
Choosing to move home **within your own country** (no border crossed and not forced).
Question
What is the difference between a source area and a destination area?
Answer
**Source** = the place migrants leave; **destination** = the place they move to.
Question
Define net migration.
Answer
Arrivals minus departures - **positive** means a place gains people, **negative** means it loses them.
Question
Give one push and one pull factor for internal migration.
Answer
**Push:** few jobs / poor services in the source. **Pull:** more jobs / better services in the destination.
Question
One social consequence for the area people LEAVE?
Answer
An **ageing**, shrinking community as young adults move away.
Question
One social consequence for the area people MOVE TO?
Answer
A younger, growing population but **pressure** on housing, schools and hospitals.
Question
How can internal migration hold back national development?
Answer
Source regions **lose their workforce** and stall while cities are **overwhelmed**.
Question
Who are most internal migrants, by age?
Answer
Mostly **young, working-age adults** - the group the economy relies on.
Question
How do you work out the range of values on an infographic?
Answer
**Highest value minus the lowest value** (e.g. +97,000 to -107,000 = a range of 204,000).
Question
Why might survey data on reasons for migrating be unreliable?
Answer
People may **misremember**, give vague answers or not be honest, and surveys only **sample**.
Question
Why is population change usually 'not alike' across a country?
Answer
A few places gain heavily and a few lose heavily, so change is **uneven**, not uniform.
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Full study notes for Voluntary internal migration and place change
Topic 1.2 hub
Changing populations and places
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Geography exam skills
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