Water use by sector
Big idea: Globally, agriculture uses about 70% of all freshwater. Industry uses ~20%, and domestic use is only ~10%. But this varies hugely between countries!
The three main sectors
- Agricultural (~70% globally) — irrigation, livestock, aquaculture
- Industrial (~20% globally) — manufacturing, cooling, processing
- Domestic (~10% globally) — drinking, cooking, sanitation, gardens
Variations between countries
LEDCs (Less Economically Developed)
- Agriculture dominates (up to 90%)
- Less industry
- Lower domestic use per person
- Less efficient irrigation
MEDCs (More Economically Developed)
- Higher industrial use
- Higher domestic use per person
- More efficient irrigation technology
- More water recycling
In short-answer questions about differences between countries, focus on clear reasons such as climate (irrigation need), crop type, seasonal demand, and the efficiency of irrigation systems.