AO3 · Synthesis & Evaluation
IB Command Term: Discuss
What does "Discuss" mean in IB exams? Full guide with IB definition, answer structure, example questions, and examiner tips for top marks.
IB Definition
"Offer a considered and balanced review that includes a range of arguments, factors or hypotheses. Opinions or conclusions should be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence."
Marks: 7–9 marks (extended response)Assessment Objective: Objective 3
01—The job
What You Need to Do
Present multiple perspectives with arguments FOR and AGAINST. Support with evidence. Reach a balanced conclusion.
How to Structure Your Answer
- 1Brief introduction — define key terms and outline your approach
- 2Arguments FOR (2–3 points with evidence/examples)
- 3Arguments AGAINST (2–3 points with evidence/examples)
- 4Conclusion — weigh arguments, state your position with justification
02—In the paper
Example Exam Questions
- “Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using genetically modified organisms (GMOs).”
- “Discuss the factors that influence the location decisions of multinational companies.”
- “Discuss the impact of globalisation on developing economies.”
- “Discuss the effectiveness of market-based approaches to pollution control.”
03—Avoid these
Common Mistakes
- One-sided argument (must present BOTH perspectives)
- No conclusion or a conclusion that doesn't follow from the arguments
- Listing points without explaining or linking them
- Forgetting to use evidence or named examples
Tip
Examiner Tip
Need balance: arguments FOR and AGAINST, supported by evidence. End with a reasoned conclusion.
04—By subject
Where This Term Appears
ESSHighBusiness ManagementHighEconomicsHigh
Now try a Discuss question.
Present multiple perspectives with arguments FOR and AGAINST. Support with evidence. Reach a balanced conclusion.