IB ESS — Topic 1.2

Models, Systems and Loops

Topic 1.2 develops students' ability to use models and systems diagrams to represent environmental processes. Key concepts include positive and negative feedback loops, system transfers and transformations, and the limitations of models — tools used to structure exam responses across all ESS topics.

Sub-topics in Topic 1.2

1.2.1Models1.2.2Systems1.2.3Open and Closed Systems1.2.4Storages and flows

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