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NotesESSTopic 1.1What shapes a perspective
Back to ESS Topics
1.1.22 min read

What shapes a perspective

IB Environmental Systems and Societies • Unit 1

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Contents

  • Where perspectives come from
  • The seven influences, one by one
  • A perspective is not an argument

Tom was not born caring about birds, and Maya was not born worrying about rent. Perspectives are shaped by what is around you.

People around you

  • Culture (sociocultural norms): what feels normal at home
  • Religion: care for the Earth
  • Experience (lived experience): what you have lived

Facts and rules

  • Science (scientific understanding): 40 bird species found
  • Law: rules on wetlands

What is happening

  • Money (economic conditions): rents are rising
  • Events (local and global): a local flood, a global climate report
Same town, different mix: Everyone feels these, in different amounts. That is why neighbours disagree.

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Each influence has an everyday name and an exam term. Learn both.

InfluenceExam termWhat it meansAt Reed Marsh
Culturesociocultural normswhat the people around you treat as normalTom's family has walked the marsh for years
Religionreligionbeliefs about what is sacred or rightcaring for creation means keeping wetlands
Experiencelived experiencewhat has happened to youMaya grew up in a crowded flat
Sciencescientific understandingwhat research and evidence showa survey counted 40 bird species
Lawlawsrules about what is allowedwetlands are protected by law
Moneyeconomic conditionsincome, jobs and pricesrents in town rise every year
Eventslocal and global eventsthings happening nearby or worldwidea local flood; a global climate report
Spot the influence: Find the detail in the question: a study is science, a rule or a fine is law, a job or a price is money, and something that happened to the person is lived experience.

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A perspective and an argument are not the same thing.

Perspective

  • The view itself.
  • Tom: the marsh matters more than the homes.

Argument

  • The reasons given for a view, or against another one.
  • Tom: 40 species nest here and it soaks up floodwater.
In your answers: Half an answer: Tom is against the homes.

Full answer: Tom is against the homes, because 40 bird species nest in the marsh and it holds back floods.

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between a perspective and an argument, using an example. [2 marks]

Related ESS Topics

Continue learning with these related topics from the same unit:

1.1.1Perspectives
1.1.3Values
1.1.4Where values show
1.1.5Values surveys
View all ESS topics

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