Unit 1 of IB Environmental Systems and Societies covers Foundations of ESS. This unit contains 3 topics and 16 sub-topics. Below you'll find free study notes, flashcards, and exam preparation resources for every topic in this unit.
Higher Level students should treat this unit page as a route map: revise the shared core, then use the HL notes and topic links to reach the extra depth and evaluation expected at HL.
The HL treatment of Unit 1 deepens the foundational ESS frameworks with more rigorous analysis of environmental value systems, advanced systems modelling, quantitative feedback loop evaluation, and detailed sustainability metrics. HL students must demonstrate stronger analytical and evaluative skills from the outset.
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