aımnova
DashboardMy LearningCrash CoursesStudy Plan

Aimnova site navigation

Stay in the loop

Get the latest study resources and updates

New features, study tips and exam insights — straight to your inbox.

IB Diploma

  • IB Past Papers
  • IB Study Notes
  • IB Question Bank
  • IB Mock Exams
  • IB Revision

IB Subjects

  • IB Math AA
  • IB Math AI
  • IB Economics
  • IB Business Management
  • IB Physics
  • IB Biology
  • View all IB subjects→

IB Past Papers

  • IB Math AA HL Past Papers
  • IB Math AA SL Past Papers
  • IB Math AI HL Past Papers
  • IB Math AI SL Past Papers
  • IB Economics HL Past Papers
  • IB Economics SL Past Papers
  • IB ESS Past Papers
  • View all past papers→

Study Resources

  • Study Notes
  • Question Bank
  • Mock Exams
  • Crash Courses
  • Flashcards
  • Revision Guide
  • Exam Skills
  • Command Terms
  • Grade Calculator
  • Exam Timetable 2026

Aimnova

  • Features
  • Pricing
  • For Teachers
  • For Schools
  • For Parents
  • About Us
  • Blog
  • Contact
aımnova

IB study, practice and feedback built around the real exam.

TermsPrivacyCookies·© 2026 Aimnova. All rights reserved.c1e448f

Aimnova is not affiliated with or endorsed by the International Baccalaureate Organization (IB).

NotesEnglish B HLTopic 5.2Gap-fill
Back to English B HL Topics
5.2.34 min read

Gap-fill (English B HL)

IB English B · Unit 5

Smart study tools

Turn reading into results

Move beyond passive notes. Answer exam-style questions, get AI feedback, and build the skills that earn top marks.

Get Started Free

Contents

  1. 1What gap-fill is
  2. 2Fill the gap step by step
  3. 3In action
  4. 4Common errors
What it is: You read notes with gaps and hear a recording. Write the missing words. 1 mark per gap.
The instruction on the paper: Complete the following gaps. Use no more than three words for each gap.

Example: Complete the following gaps.

Press play, fill the gaps, then show the answer.

You are going to hear a museum guide talk about a new exhibition.

  1. A visitor's notes: • Material collected over almost [ – 1 – ] • Most popular piece: a whale made of [ – 2 – ] • Before you go: book a [ – 3 – ] online

The exhibition, called Ocean Plastics, opens on the fourteenth of March. It took our team almost two years to collect the material, most of it from beaches in the north. The most popular piece so far is a whale made entirely of fishing nets. Entry is free, but you need to book a time slot online.

  1. 1. two years · 2. fishing nets · 3. time slot
Complete the following gaps.
Write the missing words.
no more than three words
One, two or three words. Never four.
for each gap
The limit counts for every gap.
[ – 12 – ]
Gap 12. Write it on line 12.
The journalist's notes:
The gaps are in someone's notes.
Remember: Write the words you hear, and spell them clearly. The line must make sense with your answer.

Free preview

Reading it is one thing — hearing it is another

You're reading the free notes. Aimnova Pro unlocks the full study experience — and you can try it with your first topic free to keep:

  • Audio on every wordTap any vocabulary word or example to hear it read aloud in natural English.
  • FlashcardsLock in vocabulary and key terms with spaced repetition.
  • Practice questionsAnswer exam-style questions and get instant AI marking.
  • Mock exams & past-paper vaultSit full mocks and see exactly how examiners award marks.
  • Personalised study planA daily plan built around your exam date and weak areas.
Start Studying Free Full access to Aimnova Pro · cancel anytime

Fill the gap

1

Read around each gap

Use the reading time. Read the words before and after.

2

Predict the word

A number? A place? A thing?

3

Write what you hear

Use the speaker's words. Three words at most.

4

Check it fits

Read the line again with your answer.

Read → Predict → Write → Check

Example: predict, then listen

You are going to hear a podcast about keeping bees in cities.

  1. Your notes: • Beginners often underestimate the [ – 1 – ] • Biggest risk: a lack of [ – 2 – ] nearby

Keeping bees on city roofs has become popular, but beginners often underestimate the cost. A basic hive with equipment costs around three hundred pounds. The biggest risk, though, isn't money: it's a lack of flowers nearby, which can leave bees without enough food.

  1. 1. cost · 2. flowers

Know your predicted grade

Take timed mock exams and get detailed feedback on every answer. See exactly where you're losing marks.

Try Mock Exams FreeYour first topic is free to keep • No credit card required
This is how it feels: In the exam you hear it twice and never see the words. Try it here.

Complete the following gaps. Use no more than three words for each gap.

You are going to hear an interview with Marta Diaz, who trains guide dogs.

  1. The journalist's notes: • Training lasts around [ – 1 – ] • About a third fail: too easily [ – 2 – ] • Key skill: intelligent [ – 3 – ] • Example: refusing to cross when a [ – 4 – ] • Main challenge: finding [ – 5 – ]

A guide dog's training starts when it's about a year old and lasts around six months. Not every puppy succeeds: roughly a third are too easily distracted, and they go to families as pets instead. The most important skill isn't following commands; it's what we call intelligent disobedience: refusing an order that would put its owner in danger, like crossing when a car is coming. At the moment our biggest challenge is finding volunteers to raise puppies in their first year.

  1. 1. six months · 2. distracted · 3. disobedience · 4. car is coming · 5. volunteers
After the trap: It isn't X; it's Y. The answer is usually Y. Write the word after it's.

Do

  • Read around the gap first.
  • Write the words you hear.
  • Check the grammar of the line.

Don't

  • Use four words or more.
  • Repeat words already in the notes.
  • Write the word before isn't.

IB Exam Questions on Gap-fill

Practice with IB-style questions filtered to Topic 5.2.3. Get instant AI feedback on every answer.

Practice Topic 5.2.3 QuestionsBrowse All English B HL Topics

How Gap-fill Appears in IB Exams

Examiners use specific command terms when asking about this topic. Here's what to expect:

  • Define

    Give the precise meaning of key terms related to Gap-fill.

    AO1
  • Describe

    Give a detailed account of processes or features in Gap-fill.

    AO2
  • Explain

    Give reasons WHY — cause and effect within Gap-fill.

    AO3
  • Evaluate

    Weigh strengths AND limitations of approaches in Gap-fill.

    AO3
  • Discuss

    Present arguments FOR and AGAINST with a balanced conclusion.

    AO3

See the full IB Command Terms guide

Related English B HL Topics

Continue learning with these related topics from the same unit:

5.1.1Format & rubric5.2.1Multiple choice5.2.2Choose the true statements5.2.4Short answer
View all English B HL topics
Improve your exam techniqueCommand terms, paper structure, and mark-scheme tips for English B HL
Previous5.2.2Choose the true statementsNextShort answer5.2.4

3 exam-style questions ready for you

Students who practice on Aimnova improve their scores by 15% on average. Get instant feedback that shows exactly how to improve your answers.

Practice Now — FreeView All English B HL Topics