Calculating velocity ratio
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Question
Define velocity ratio.
Answer
The distance the effort moves ÷ the distance the load moves, or input speed ÷ output speed for a rotating drive. It comes from geometry alone.
Question
How do you find the speed in a compound gear train?
Answer
One mesh at a time. Gears sharing a shaft turn at the same speed, so each stage output is the next stage input. The overall ratio is the stage ratios multiplied.
Question
What does an idler gear do to the ratio?
Answer
Nothing — its tooth count cancels. It reverses the output direction and bridges a gap; the ratio is set by the first and last gears only.
Question
What is the difference between VR and MA?
Answer
VR is a ratio of distances or speeds, fixed by geometry. MA is a ratio of forces, reduced by friction. In a perfect machine they would be equal.
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Topic 7.3 hub
Mechanical systems applied
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