Systems & Models — Complete Summary
IB full-mark checklist: name the **boundary**, identify **storages**, describe **inflows/outflows**, state **open/closed**, and say whether the system is in **dynamic equilibrium** or changing.
Topic 1.2 develops students' ability to use models and systems diagrams to represent environmental processes. Key concepts include positive and negative feedback loops, system transfers and transformations, and the limitations of models — tools used to structure exam responses across all ESS topics.
IB full-mark checklist: name the **boundary**, identify **storages**, describe **inflows/outflows**, state **open/closed**, and say whether the system is in **dynamic equilibrium** or changing.
ESS is assessed through Paper 1 (case study) and Paper 2 (short answer & structured questions). Concepts from this topic may appear in either paper, often combined with data analysis or real-world examples.
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Start studying freeTopic 1.2 Models, Systems and Loops forms a core part of Unit 1: Foundations of ESS in IB ESS. Mastering these concepts will strengthen your understanding of connected topics across the syllabus and prepare you for exam questions that require analysis, evaluation, and real-world application.
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