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Productivity

IB Environmental Systems and Societies • Unit 2

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Productivity in ecosystems

Productivity shows how efficiently energy becomes living material.

  • Gross productivity (GP)
  • Net productivity (NP)
NP = GP − respiration

Human impacts on food webs

Human activities can disrupt food webs by altering energy flow.

  • Pollution
  • Habitat destruction
  • Overexploitation

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