The big idea: Ever done something just because it's 'what you do' — a course, a career, a whole life — without asking whether it's really yours?
Authenticity: Authenticity is the existentialists' answer to that: freedom isn't only about whether you can choose, but about choosing as yourself instead of running someone else's script.
This shifts the question. Determinism asks 'are you free at all?' Authenticity asks the more personal one: are you actually using your freedom, or hiding from it?
Hold onto this: Authenticity isn't about being 'special' or 'quirky'. It's about owning your choices as yours, rather than letting habit, crowd or role decide while you look away.
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The existentialists gave a sharp name to the opposite of authenticity.
Bad faith: Bad faith is pretending you're not free.
Two faces of bad faith
- The waiter playing his role so completely he becomes a robot 'just doing the job'.
- The person who says 'I had to — it's just how I am.'
What both hide: Both hide behind a role or a fixed nature to dodge the truth: they are choosing, and could choose otherwise. Bad faith is comforting because freedom is heavy — but it's a lie you tell yourself.
Checkpoint — bad faith: Bad faith = using a role ('just the job') or a fixed nature ('it's just how I am') as an excuse for a choice you're actually making. Authenticity = dropping the excuse and owning it.
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If authenticity is so good, why doesn't everyone live that way?
The pull of bad faith
- Freedom feels heavy — excuses are a relief
- Roles and 'that's just me' hand you a script
- No blame if you 'had no choice'
The cost of authenticity
- You own every choice — no excuses left
- You must decide who to be, with no script
- But your life is actually yours
Go further — higher-level insight: Authenticity isn't 'follow your gut' or 'do whatever you feel'. A whim can be as unowned as a crowd's rule. The authentic act is one you consciously take responsibility for as yours — which is why it's demanding, not just a licence to please yourself. Naming that guards against a common misreading in essays.