Systems approach
The systems approach
The systems approach (also called systems thinking) means studying how different parts of a system are connected and interact, rather than looking at parts on their own.
In ESS, this helps us understand complex environmental and social issues by looking at the whole picture.
Key terms
What is a system?
A system is a group of parts that work together to form a whole.
All systems:
Emergent properties
Emergent properties are characteristics that appear only when parts interact. They do not exist in the parts on their own.
Examples:
Always link emergence to interaction between parts.
Systems at different scales
Systems exist at many scales:
The systems approach can be used at any scale.
System boundary
What is a system boundary?
A system boundary is an imaginary line that separates the system from its external environment.
The external environment is not part of the system, but it can still affect the system — and be affected by it.
[Diagram: system-boundary] - Available in full study mode
Why system boundaries matter
Choosing the right boundary helps us study systems more effectively.
Boundaries in space and time
Systems have boundaries:
Changing the boundary can change how we understand the system.
Why the systems approach is important in ESS
The systems approach helps avoid oversimplified conclusions.
Key terms
Summary - Systems
**ESS exam tip:** Always mention *connections, interactions, and boundaries* when explaining systems.