IB Psychology SL · 2021 to 2025
3.4 Learning and cognition
11 past paper questions from 11 papers across 9 exam sessions. See what repeats, then practise the same skills with AI marking.
Original Exam Vault questions with AI markscheme feedback for this topic.
SL archive · 2019 to 2025
3.4 Learning and cognition
Latest exam session: November 2025
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Micro-topics in 3.4 Learning and cognition
In syllabus order. The ring is the share of papers each appears in. 8 of them have no matching questions in this archive.
3.4.1
Cognitive biases in decision-making
No question tagged to this topic in the 43 Psychology SL papers analysed
No matches in this archiveRevise it3.4.2
Conditioning as a way of learning
No question tagged to this topic in the 43 Psychology SL papers analysed
No matches in this archiveRevise it- No matches in this archiveRevise it
3.4.4
Schema theory in behaviour and cognition
No question tagged to this topic in the 43 Psychology SL papers analysed
No matches in this archiveRevise it3.4.5
Social learning theory in learning
No question tagged to this topic in the 43 Psychology SL papers analysed
No matches in this archiveRevise it- Due
last May 25 P1 TZ3
- Less common
last Nov 21 P1
3.4.8
Cultural factors in a cognitive process
No question tagged to this topic in the 43 Psychology SL papers analysed
No matches in this archiveRevise it- Less common
last Nov 25 P1 TZ3
3.4.10
No question tagged to this topic in the 43 Psychology SL papers analysed
No matches in this archiveRevise it3.4.11
No question tagged to this topic in the 43 Psychology SL papers analysed
No matches in this archiveRevise it
Exam pattern
How often each micro-topic has been examined, year by year. Each label is explained under the grid.
Does it repeat?
Questions per year for each micro-topic, including those with no matches in this archive.
fewermore
| Micro-topic | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1Biological factors in cognitive processes, 2019: 1 question | ·Biological factors in cognitive processes, 2020: 0 questions | ·Biological factors in cognitive processes, 2021: 0 questions | 2Biological factors in cognitive processes, 2022: 2 questions | 2Biological factors in cognitive processes, 2023: 2 questions | 1Biological factors in cognitive processes, 2024: 1 question | 2Biological factors in cognitive processes, 2025: 2 questions | ·Biological factors in cognitive processes, 2026: 0 questions | ·Biological factors in cognitive processes, 2027: 0 questions | |
| ·Environmental influences on a cognitive process, 2019: 0 questions | ·Environmental influences on a cognitive process, 2020: 0 questions | ·Environmental influences on a cognitive process, 2021: 0 questions | ·Environmental influences on a cognitive process, 2022: 0 questions | ·Environmental influences on a cognitive process, 2023: 0 questions | 1Environmental influences on a cognitive process, 2024: 1 question | 1Environmental influences on a cognitive process, 2025: 1 question | ·Environmental influences on a cognitive process, 2026: 0 questions | ·Environmental influences on a cognitive process, 2027: 0 questions | |
| ·Cognitive models of a cognitive process, 2019: 0 questions | ·Cognitive models of a cognitive process, 2020: 0 questions | 1Cognitive models of a cognitive process, 2021: 1 question | ·Cognitive models of a cognitive process, 2022: 0 questions | ·Cognitive models of a cognitive process, 2023: 0 questions | ·Cognitive models of a cognitive process, 2024: 0 questions | ·Cognitive models of a cognitive process, 2025: 0 questions | ·Cognitive models of a cognitive process, 2026: 0 questions | ·Cognitive models of a cognitive process, 2027: 0 questions | |
| ·Dual processing theory, 2019: 0 questions | ·Dual processing theory, 2020: 0 questions | ·Dual processing theory, 2021: 0 questions | ·Dual processing theory, 2022: 0 questions | ·Dual processing theory, 2023: 0 questions | ·Dual processing theory, 2024: 0 questions | ·Dual processing theory, 2025: 0 questions | ·Dual processing theory, 2026: 0 questions | ·Dual processing theory, 2027: 0 questions | |
| ·Cultural factors in a cognitive process, 2019: 0 questions | ·Cultural factors in a cognitive process, 2020: 0 questions | ·Cultural factors in a cognitive process, 2021: 0 questions | ·Cultural factors in a cognitive process, 2022: 0 questions | ·Cultural factors in a cognitive process, 2023: 0 questions | ·Cultural factors in a cognitive process, 2024: 0 questions | ·Cultural factors in a cognitive process, 2025: 0 questions | ·Cultural factors in a cognitive process, 2026: 0 questions | ·Cultural factors in a cognitive process, 2027: 0 questions | |
| ·Improving a cognitive process, 2019: 0 questions | ·Improving a cognitive process, 2020: 0 questions | ·Improving a cognitive process, 2021: 0 questions | ·Improving a cognitive process, 2022: 0 questions | ·Improving a cognitive process, 2023: 0 questions | ·Improving a cognitive process, 2024: 0 questions | ·Improving a cognitive process, 2025: 0 questions | ·Improving a cognitive process, 2026: 0 questions | ·Improving a cognitive process, 2027: 0 questions | |
| ·Class practical: experiment, 2019: 0 questions | ·Class practical: experiment, 2020: 0 questions | ·Class practical: experiment, 2021: 0 questions | ·Class practical: experiment, 2022: 0 questions | ·Class practical: experiment, 2023: 0 questions | ·Class practical: experiment, 2024: 0 questions | ·Class practical: experiment, 2025: 0 questions | ·Class practical: experiment, 2026: 0 questions | ·Class practical: experiment, 2027: 0 questions | |
| ·Cognitive biases in decision-making, 2019: 0 questions | ·Cognitive biases in decision-making, 2020: 0 questions | ·Cognitive biases in decision-making, 2021: 0 questions | ·Cognitive biases in decision-making, 2022: 0 questions | ·Cognitive biases in decision-making, 2023: 0 questions | ·Cognitive biases in decision-making, 2024: 0 questions | ·Cognitive biases in decision-making, 2025: 0 questions | ·Cognitive biases in decision-making, 2026: 0 questions | ·Cognitive biases in decision-making, 2027: 0 questions |
3 more micro-topics have no matches in this archive.
- Dueusually examined, but missing from the last two exam sessions
- Less commonin fewer than one paper in fifteen
- No matches in this archiveon the syllabus, but has no question tagged to it in this archive. This does not mean it has never been examined
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Questions on 3.4 Learning and cognition, by exam session
Which papers asked about 3.4 Learning and cognition, and which question numbers. Open a paper to see them highlighted.
November 2025
1 question across 1 paper
May 2025
2 questions across 2 papers
May 2024
2 questions across 2 papers
November 2023
1 question across 1 paper
May 2023
1 question across 1 paper
November 2022
1 question across 1 paper
May 2022
1 question across 1 paper
November 2021
1 question across 1 paper
May 2019
1 question across 1 paper
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Frequently asked questions
Short answers about this page.
Which Psychology SL exam sessions are covered for 3.4 Learning and cognition?
15 exam sessions from 2019 to 2025, the latest November 2025. Every Paper 1 in every timezone is read and classified in full, which gives 11 papers in this archive.
Which 3.4 Learning and cognition topic comes up most?
Biological factors in cognitive processes (3.4.6): in 19% of papers, last seen May 25 P1 TZ3. Usually "Discuss", worth about 18.8 marks in a paper that includes it.
Can I see the original question and mark scheme?
No. The wording belongs to the IB. You get the citation, the marks, the command term and the skill tested, plus our own matched practice questions with worked answers and AI marking.
What do "banker", "due" and "rising" mean?
Banker: examined in at least one sitting in four and still appearing. Due: regular before, but absent for the last two exam sessions. Rising: clearly more common in the last two years. Our classification of real papers, not an IB statistic.
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Reading this page and the exam pattern is free. A free account generates three sets of ten questions and launches one practice set. Pro opens every question in any scope, sets of twenty or all, and unlimited practice.
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