Unit 21: Paper 3 (HL) — History of Africa & the Middle East
Topic 21.18: Post-independence politics in Africa to 2005 Questions
Practice 20 exam-style questions for IB History Topic 21.18. Review the question stems below, then unlock the full Question Bank to access markschemes, model answers, and AI grading.
1Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q14
Choose the correct answer: Why did Daniel arap Moi and KANU win the 1992 and 1997 Kenyan elections despite reduced popular support?
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.1 - Q14
Choose the term that best describes continued foreign economic control of African states after formal political independence.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.1 - Q15
Choose the accurate statement about the pattern of military coups in Nigeria after the 1966 crisis.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.1 - Q11
Choose the correct pair: which two ethnic/regional groups were most directly involved in the violence that led to Biafra's declaration of independence in 1967?
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q9
Discuss the reasons why Jerry Rawlings and Daniel arap Moi responded differently to pressure for political change.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q13
Choose the correct answer: What event in late 1991 directly pressured Daniel arap Moi to reintroduce multi-party politics in Kenya?
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q11
Choose the correct answer: In which year did Ghana become a formal one-party state under Kwame Nkrumah?
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.1 - Q12
Choose the year in which military officers overthrew Kwame Nkrumah's government in Ghana.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.1 - Q13
Choose the main cause of the huge death toll (an estimated 1-3 million) during the Nigerian Civil War.
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Unlock Question10To what extent15 marks
2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q10
To what extent did the return of multi-party politics in the 1990s bring genuine political change to the African states you have studied?
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q1
Examine the reasons for the establishment of one-party states in Africa, with reference to two countries you have studied.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.1 - Q5
Compare and contrast the causes of military intervention in two African states you have studied, each from a different region.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q3
Discuss the view that personal ambition, rather than genuine national interest, was the main motive behind one-party rule in Africa.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.1 - Q2
Evaluate the impact of military rule on the political and economic development of one African state you have studied.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q12
Choose the correct answer: Which party did Daniel arap Moi lead as Kenya's sole legal party from 1982?
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.1 - Q8
Discuss the short-term and long-term consequences of the Nigerian Civil War (1967-1970).
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q6
Analyse the impact of a divided opposition on the survival of one-party or dominant-party rule in Africa.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.1 - Q10
Analyse the reasons why military rulers were often able to remain in power for extended periods after seizing control of an African state.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q8
Examine the relationship between political stability and economic growth in Africa up to 2005, with reference to two countries you have studied.
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2026• Aimnova original vault - 21.18.2 - Q2
Evaluate the reasons why one-party states in Africa came under pressure to reform in the late twentieth century.
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