Unit 21: Paper 3 (HL) — History of Africa & the Middle East
Topic 21.18: Post-independence politics in Africa to 2005 Questions
Practice 20 exam-style questions for IB History Topic 21.18. Review the question stems below, then unlock the full Question Bank to access markschemes, model answers, and AI grading.
1Choose1 mark
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Choose the correct answer: In which year did Ghana become a formal one-party state under Kwame Nkrumah?
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Discuss the reasons why Jerry Rawlings and Daniel arap Moi responded differently to pressure for political change.
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To what extent did the return of multi-party politics in the 1990s bring genuine political change to the African states you have studied?
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Examine the reasons for the establishment of one-party states in Africa, with reference to two countries you have studied.
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Discuss the view that personal ambition, rather than genuine national interest, was the main motive behind one-party rule in Africa.
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Compare and contrast the causes of military intervention in two African states you have studied, each from a different region.
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Evaluate the impact of military rule on the political and economic development of one African state you have studied.
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Analyse the impact of a divided opposition on the survival of one-party or dominant-party rule in Africa.
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Discuss the short-term and long-term consequences of the Nigerian Civil War (1967-1970).
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Examine the relationship between political stability and economic growth in Africa up to 2005, with reference to two countries you have studied.
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Analyse the reasons why military rulers were often able to remain in power for extended periods after seizing control of an African state.
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Evaluate the reasons why one-party states in Africa came under pressure to reform in the late twentieth century.
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To what extent was the end of the Cold War the most important reason for the return to multi-party democracy in Africa?
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Compare and contrast the transitions from one-party rule to multi-party democracy in Ghana and Kenya.
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Evaluate the reasons why Ghana's transition to multi-party democracy was smoother than Kenya's.
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To what extent were economic problems, rather than ethnic divisions, responsible for military intervention in Ghana between 1957 and 1966?
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To what extent was Cold War rivalry responsible for civil war and military intervention in Africa to 2005?
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Evaluate the claim that personal ambition, rather than genuine political ideology, was the main driver of military coups in Africa.
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Examine the reasons why newly independent African states struggled with poverty, illiteracy, disease and famine, and the effect of these challenges on political stability.
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Examine the causes of civil war and military intervention in two states, each from a different region, that you have studied.
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