Unit 18: Paper 3 (HL) — History of Europe
Topic 18.6: Aspects of the Reformation (c1500–1563) Questions
Practice 20 exam-style questions for IB History Topic 18.6. Review the question stems below, then unlock the full Question Bank to access markschemes, model answers, and AI grading.
1To what extent15 marks
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To what extent was the Catholic Church's response to the Reformation, by the close of the Council of Trent in 1563, an effective one?
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Examine the significance of the Diets of Worms (1521) and Speyer (1526 and 1529) for the survival of Lutheranism.
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To what extent was Erasmus of Rotterdam responsible for creating the intellectual climate that made Luther's challenge possible?
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Evaluate the extent to which the Council of Trent (1545–1563) succeeded in reforming the Catholic Church.
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Discuss the reasons why Luther's Reformation led to unintended social and political consequences in Germany between 1522 and 1555.
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Discuss the reasons why German princes and imperial free cities supported the spread of Lutheranism.
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Examine the reasons why the Catholic Church was vulnerable to criticism by 1517.
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Discuss the significance of the Leipzig Debate (1519) in the development of Luther's challenge to the Catholic Church.
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To what extent did Luther's 1520 tracts represent a complete break with Catholic theology?
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Examine the causes of the Knights' Revolt (1522–1523) and the reasons for its failure.
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Evaluate the extent to which Johann Tetzel's indulgence campaign was responsible for triggering Luther's Ninety-Five Theses.
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Analyse the role of Frederick the Wise, Elector of Saxony, in protecting Luther and enabling the spread of Lutheranism.
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Discuss the significance of the Radical Reformation, including the Anabaptists, for the development of the wider Reformation in Germany.
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Evaluate the importance of the printing press in the success of the early Reformation in Germany.
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Analyse the significance of the Peace of Augsburg (1555) as a settlement of Germany's religious conflicts.
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Unlock Question16Compare and contrast15 marks
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Compare and contrast the reformation movements led by Martin Luther in Germany and Huldrych Zwingli in Zurich up to 1529.
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Compare and contrast the roles played by Pope Paul III and Pope Paul IV in the Catholic Church's response to the Reformation.
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Unlock Question18To what extent15 marks
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To what extent was the Peasants' War (1524–1525) a direct consequence of Luther's religious ideas?
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Evaluate the reasons for the formation of the Schmalkaldic League in 1531 and its impact on the position of Lutheranism in Germany.
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Examine the role of the Jesuits in the Catholic Church's response to the Reformation.
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