Back to Topic 21.17 — Post-war developments in the Middle East (1945–2000)
21.17.1History HL12 flashcards

From Mandate to Six Day War: the roots of the Arab–Israeli conflict (1945–1967)

Practice Flashcards

Flip to reveal answers
Card 1 of 1221.17.1
21.17.1
Question

What was the British Mandate for Palestine?

Click to reveal answer

Track your progress — Sign up free to save your progress and get smart review reminders based on spaced repetition.

All 12 Flashcards — From Mandate to Six Day War: the roots of the Arab–Israeli conflict (1945–1967)

Sign up free to track progress and get spaced-repetition review schedules.

Card 1definition

Question

What was the British Mandate for Palestine?

Answer

The authority Britain was granted by the League of Nations in 1922 to govern Palestine.

Card 2concept

Question

Why did Britain hand Palestine over to the UN in 1947?

Answer

Post-WWII exhaustion, financial strain, and rising Jewish–Arab violence made continued British rule unsustainable.

Card 3definition

Question

What did the 1947 UN Partition Plan propose?

Answer

Dividing Palestine into a Jewish state and an Arab state, with Jerusalem under international control.

Card 4example

Question

Who declared the independence of Israel, and when?

Answer

David Ben-Gurion, on 14 May 1948.

Card 5definition

Question

What is the Nakba?

Answer

The displacement of roughly 700,000 Palestinian Arabs during and after the 1948–49 War, creating a lasting refugee crisis.

Card 6process

Question

Process: how did the 1948–49 War unfold from independence to armistice?

Answer

Israel declares independence (May 1948) → Arab states (Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq) invade → disunited Arab forces are defeated → 1949 armistice leaves Israel controlling more land than the UN plan proposed.

Card 7concept

Question

Why did Nasser nationalise the Suez Canal in 1956?

Answer

To fund the Aswan Dam after the US and Britain withdrew financing, partly due to his Soviet-bloc arms deals and recognition of Communist China.

Card 8example

Question

What was the outcome of the Suez Crisis for Britain and France?

Answer

Superpower (US and USSR) pressure forced their humiliating withdrawal, showing they were no longer the Middle East's dominant powers, while boosting Nasser's Pan-Arab prestige.

Card 9process

Question

What triggered Israel's pre-emptive strike in June 1967?

Answer

Egypt's blockade of the Straits of Tiran, expulsion of UN peacekeepers, and troop build-up near Israel's border.

Card 10comparison

Question

Comparison: territorial outcomes of 1948–49 War vs Six Day War

Answer

1948–49: Israel gains ~78% of Mandate Palestine; Jordan takes West Bank, Egypt takes Gaza. 1967: Israel additionally captures Sinai, Gaza, West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights.

Card 11definition

Question

What is Pan-Arabism?

Answer

The idea that all Arab peoples should unite politically, an ideology boosted by Nasser's stand during the Suez Crisis.

Card 12concept

Question

Why does 1967 matter for later peacemaking?

Answer

The occupied territories captured in 1967 (Sinai, Gaza, West Bank, East Jerusalem, Golan Heights) became the central, unresolved issue in all future Arab–Israeli peace negotiations.

Track your progress with spaced repetition

Sign up free — Aimnova tells you exactly which cards to review and when, so you remember everything before your IB exam.

Start Free