Unit 10: Paper 3 — History of Africa and the Middle East (HL)
Topic 10.4: The Ottoman Empire and the creation of Türkiye (c.1790–1938) Questions
Practice 20 exam-style questions for IB History (2028) Topic 10.4. Review the question stems below, then unlock the full Question Bank to access markschemes, model answers, and AI grading.
1Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.3 - Q4
In which year was the Republic of Türkiye declared by the Grand National Assembly, with Mustafa Kemal as its first president?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question2Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.2 - Q4
Choose the correct answer. Which officer was among the officers who mutinied in Macedonia in July 1908 that forced Sultan Abdulhamid II to restore the 1876 constitution?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question3Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.1 - Q2
What was the most significant consequence of Napoleon Bonaparte's 1798 invasion of Egypt for the Ottoman Empire?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question4Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.2 - Q1
Choose the correct answer. Which decree opened the Tanzimat era in 1839?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question5Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.1 - Q3
Which naval battle in 1827 destroyed the Ottoman-Egyptian fleet and helped secure Greek independence?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question6Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.3 - Q2
Which figure led the Arab uprising against Ottoman rule that began in 1916, encouraged and armed by Britain?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question7Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.3 - Q3
At which battle in 1922 did Mustafa Kemal's forces decisively defeat the Greek army and drive it out of Anatolia?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question8Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.2 - Q2
Choose the correct answer. Which 1856 decree, issued after the Crimean War, extended legal rights so that non-Muslims could testify in court, hold government office and serve in the army?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question9Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.2 - Q3
Choose the correct answer. The 1864 Vilayet Law reorganized Ottoman local government by creating provinces known as:
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question10Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.3 - Q1
Which treaty, signed in 1912, ended the Italo–Turkish War and confirmed the loss of Ottoman Libya (Tripolitania and Cyrenaica)?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question11Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.1 - Q1
Which North African territory did France invade and annex in 1830, formally ending Ottoman rule there?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question12Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.3 - Q5
Which 1925 uprising in southeastern Anatolia combined Kurdish and religious grievances against Atatürk's secularizing reforms?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question13Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.2 - Q5
Choose the correct answer. In the January 1913 coup d'etat, CUP officers stormed the Sublime Porte and shot which government minister?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question14Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.1 - Q5
Why did Britain and Austria-Hungary refuse to accept the 1878 Treaty of San Stefano and force the Congress of Berlin instead?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question15Choose1 mark
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.1 - Q4
What did the 1856 Treaty of Paris, which ended the Crimean War, require Russia to do?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question16Discuss15 marks
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.2 - Q8
Discuss the view that the 1908 Young Turk Revolution was primarily a military uprising rather than a genuine political revolution.
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question17To what extent15 marks
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.3 - Q6
To what extent do you agree with the claim that the Arab Revolt (1916–1918) was primarily a genuine nationalist movement rather than a British-engineered scheme?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question18To what extent15 marks
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.2 - Q7
To what extent was religious equality, rather than political survival, the main driving force behind the Tanzimat reforms?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question19Evaluate the claim15 marks
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.1 - Q7
Evaluate the claim that Muhammad Ali's rise in Egypt strengthened rather than weakened the Ottoman Empire between 1805 and 1841.
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question20To what extent15 marks
2026• Aimnova original vault - 10.4.1 - Q6
To what extent do you agree with the claim that the loss of Ottoman North Africa between 1790 and 1881 was primarily the result of internal Ottoman weakness rather than European aggression?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock QuestionReady to practice Topic 10.4?
Get instant AI feedback on your answers, view detailed markschemes, and track your progress across all IB History (2028) topics.