Unit 10: Paper 3 — History of Africa and the Middle East (HL)
Topic 10.10: Independence movements in Algeria, Angola, Ghana, Guinea, Namibia and Tanganyika (c.1900–2000) Questions
Practice 20 exam-style questions for IB History (2028) Topic 10.10. Review the question stems below, then unlock the full Question Bank to access markschemes, model answers, and AI grading.
1Choose1 mark
2026
Which African colony became the first in sub-Saharan Africa to gain independence, in 1957, and served as a model for the rest of the continent?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question2Choose1 mark
2026
In which year did the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN) launch its armed uprising against French rule in Algeria?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question3To what extent15 marks
2026
"Armed struggle was the only effective route to independence in Africa."
To what extent do you agree with this claim, with reference to at least two states from Algeria, Angola, Ghana, Guinea, Namibia and Tanganyika?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question4Choose1 mark
2026
On what date did the Gold Coast become independent as Ghana?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question5Choose1 mark
2026
In Angola's independence war, which two sides represented the main Cold War rivalry?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question6Choose1 mark
2026
What was the outcome of the UN-supervised elections in Namibia in 1990?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question7Choose1 mark
2026
Which leader became prime minister of Ghana in 1957 and president when it became a republic in 1960?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question8Choose1 mark
2026
Which policy did Julius Nyerere's TANU use in Tanganyika to help avoid the ethnic fracturing seen in some other newly independent African states?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question9Choose1 mark
2026
What event in 1945, attended by a young Kwame Nkrumah, sharpened Pan-Africanism into a direct demand for immediate independence?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question10Evaluate15 marks
2026
Evaluate the claim that outside support from neighbouring states and Cold War powers was the decisive factor in the outcome of armed independence struggles in Africa.
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question11Discuss the view15 marks
2026
Discuss the view that independence brought greater social inclusion for women and marginalized groups in Africa.
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question12Choose1 mark
2026
Which party did Kwame Nkrumah break away from in 1949 to found the Convention People's Party (CPP)?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question13To what extent15 marks
2026
To what extent was Kwame Nkrumah's individual leadership, rather than broader social and political conditions, responsible for Ghana's achievement of independence in 1957?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question14Discuss15 marks
2026
Discuss the view that the colonial power's own willingness to negotiate, rather than the nationalist party's strategy, was the main factor determining whether an African independence movement succeeded peacefully.
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question15Evaluate15 marks
2026
Evaluate the claim that political parties failed to achieve African independence because they were too divided to act as a united front.
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question16To what extent15 marks
2026
To what extent was the political transition to independence more of a challenge for African states than the struggle to win independence itself?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question17To what extent15 marks
2026
To what extent do you agree that non-violent methods were more effective than armed struggle in achieving African independence?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question18Evaluate the claim15 marks
2026
Evaluate the claim that colonial-era divisions, rather than the actions of independence movements themselves, were the main cause of instability after independence.
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question19Evaluate the claim15 marks
2026
Evaluate the claim that the way independence was won determined the type of government that followed.
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock Question20Choose1 mark
2026
Which three rival movements had all fought against Portuguese rule in Angola before independence in 1975?
Markscheme and model answer locked
Unlock QuestionReady to practice Topic 10.10?
Get instant AI feedback on your answers, view detailed markschemes, and track your progress across all IB History (2028) topics.