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NotesFrench B HLTopic 3.3
Unit 3 · Grammar · Topic 3.3

IB French B HL — Future, conditional & mood

Topic 3.3 of IB French B covers Future, conditional & mood, which is part of Unit 3: Grammar. Students explore key concepts including Future, Conditional, Present subjunctive, and more. A strong understanding of future, conditional & mood is essential for IB French B HL exams and builds the foundation for connected topics across the syllabus.

Higher Level students should use this topic hub as a map: start with the shared sub-topics, then follow the HL-only extensions and exam-skill links where this topic asks for deeper analysis.

Exam technique guidePractice questions

Key concepts in Future, conditional & mood

Key Idea: This topic is about what will happen, what would happen and what must happen: the future, the conditional, the subjunctive and commands.

Future

  • Infinitive + -ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont: «je parlerai». Drop the final -e of -re verbs: «je vendrai».
  • Every future stem ends in r. Irregular stems: ser-, aur-, ir-, fer-, viendr-, verr-, pourr-, devr-, voudr-, saur-.
  • After «si», use the present: «si tu viens, on ira».

Conditional

  • Future stem + imperfect endings: «je parlerais», «nous finirions».
  • Use it to be polite («je voudrais un café») and for the «si» hypothesis.
  • With «si» + imperfect, the result is conditional: «si j'avais le temps, je lirais».

Present subjunctive

  • Take the «ils» present, drop -ent, add -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent: «ils finissent → que je finisse».
  • Six to learn by heart: sois, aie, aille, fasse, puisse, sache.

Using the subjunctive

  • Trigger + «que» + a new subject: «il faut que tu viennes», «je veux que tu sois là».
  • Triggers: necessity, wishes, emotion, doubt, and «bien que», «pour que», «avant que».
  • «J'espère que» takes the indicative. With no new subject, use the infinitive: «je veux partir».

Commands

  • Three forms, no subject pronoun: «Parle ! Parlons ! Parlez !»
  • -er verbs drop the -s with tu: «Mange !» (but «Vas-y !»).
  • Pronouns: «Lève-toi !» but «Ne te lève pas !».
  • Irregular: sois, aie, va.
One letter changes the meaning: -ai is the future («will»), -ais the conditional («would»).

«Si j'aurais le temps…» Right or wrong? Wrong. «Si» is followed by the imparfait: «si j'avais».

What is the future of être with je? Je serai.

«J'espère qu'il vienne» or «j'espère qu'il vient»? J'espère qu'il vient. Espérer is not a subjunctive trigger.

Make «tu manges» a command. Mange ! The -er tu form loses its -s.

Why «je veux partir», not «je veux que je parte»? The subject does not change, so you need the infinitive.

What you'll learn in Topic 3.3

  • 3.3.1 Future
  • 3.3.2 Conditional
  • 3.3.3 Present subjunctive
  • 3.3.4 Using the subjunctive
  • 3.3.5 Commands
Suggested study order: Read the notes for each sub-topic below → test yourself with flashcards → attempt practice questions → review exam technique.

Study resources — 3.3 Future, conditional & mood

3.3.1

Future

Notes
3.3.2

Conditional

Notes
3.3.3

Present subjunctive

Notes
3.3.4

Using the subjunctive

Notes
3.3.5

Commands

Notes

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Topic 3.3 Future, conditional & mood forms a core part of Unit 3: Grammar in IB French B HL. Mastering these concepts will strengthen your understanding of connected topics across the syllabus and prepare you for exam questions that require analysis, evaluation, and real-world application.

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