Question 1

Define the term zonation.

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Question 2

Define the term ecological succession.

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Question 3

Define the term ecosystem resilience.

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Question 4

State two typical changes that occur as succession progresses.

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Question 5

State two examples of environmental gradients that can produce zonation.

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Question 6

Describe how a transect can be used to study zonation on a rocky shore.

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Question 7

Define the term pioneer species.

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Question 8

Define the term kite diagram in the context of zonation fieldwork.

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Question 9

Define the term climax community.

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Question 10

Outline how competition can influence zonation patterns.

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Question 11

Distinguish between primary and secondary succession.

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Question 12

Explain why abiotic factors can create distinct zones of organisms along a gradient.

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Question 13

Suggest why biodiversity is often higher in the lowest tidal zone compared with the highest tidal zone.

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Question 14

Explain why secondary succession is usually faster than primary succession.

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Question 15

Suggest why large storages within ecosystems can increase resilience.

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Question 16

State one abiotic factor that changes with altitude and explain how it influences zonation on mountains.

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Question 17

Outline one difference between local scale zonation and global scale zonation.

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Question 18

Table 1 shows the abundance of three species along a transect on a rocky shore. Use the data to answer parts (a) to (c).

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Question 19

Outline two ways that biodiversity can increase ecosystem resilience.

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Question 20

Table 1 summarises community features at three successional stages after a forest fire. Use the data to answer parts (a) to (c).

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Topic 2.5: Flows of Energy and Matter Questions

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