Unit 2: Ecosystems and Ecology
Topic 2.4: Food Chains & Webs and Trophic Levels Questions
Practice 20 exam-style questions for IB ESS Topic 2.4. Review the question stems below, then unlock the full Question Bank to access markschemes, model answers, and AI grading.
1identify4 marks
Temperate deciduous forest covers much of western Europe and the eastern United States.
Identify four characteristic features of the temperate deciduous forest biome.
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Figure 1 shows climate graphs for Norvik and Elmstead. Norvik is in the far north; Elmstead is in the mid-latitudes.
With reference to Figure 1, outline one difference between the climates of Norvik and Elmstead.
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Hallan is a made-up town in a mountain valley. Figure 1 is a climate graph for Hallan, and Figure 2 describes what a visitor sees there.
Using Figures 1 and 2, identify one type of vegetation found around Hallan.
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Serrano is a made-up country of two islands, one far to the north of the other. Figure 1 shows the vegetation of its two main islands.
With reference to Figure 1, identify which type of vegetation is found on Serra Norte but not on Serra Sul.
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2026
Tropical rainforest is found in the Amazon, the Congo Basin and Borneo, on three different continents.
Define the term biome.
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Figure 1 shows climate graphs for Coralline and Sandmere. Both towns are in the lowland tropics, 1,500 km apart.
With reference to Figure 1, outline one difference between the climates of Coralline and Sandmere.
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Boreal forest, or taiga, covers about a third of Canada and much of Siberia.
Identify four characteristic features of the boreal forest biome.
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Arvenia is a made-up country of two long islands. Figure 1 shows the vegetation of its two main islands.
With reference to Figure 1, identify which type of vegetation is found on the South Island but not on the North Island.
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Morvo is a made-up mountainous island in a cool temperate sea. Figure 1 shows its ecosystems by altitude.
Using Figure 1, state one ecosystem found at sea level on Morvo Island.
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2026
Lake Baikal in Russia holds a fifth of the world's fresh surface water; the Red Sea is one of the saltiest seas.
Define salinity and outline how it is used to group aquatic biomes.
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2026
The Sundarbans, on the coast of Bangladesh and India, is the largest mangrove forest on Earth.
Outline four abiotic characteristics of mangrove ecosystems.
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Figure 1 shows a climate graph for Harbour Point. It is a coastal town in the southern hemisphere, and the values are 30-year averages.
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Figure 1 shows a climate graph for Mount Veyra valley station. It is a valley town close to the equator, and the values are 30-year averages.
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Figure 1 shows climate graphs for Aldermoor and Kestrel Plains. Aldermoor faces the ocean; Kestrel Plains lies east of a mountain range.
With reference to Figure 1, outline one difference between the climates of Aldermoor and Kestrel Plains.
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Kalua is a made-up volcanic island in the tropics, 1,400 m high. Figure 1 shows its ecosystems by altitude.
Using Figure 1, state one ecosystem found at sea level on Kalua.
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Tavira is a made-up tropical country of two islands. Figure 1 shows the vegetation of its two main islands.
With reference to Figure 1, identify which type of vegetation is found on East Island but not on West Island.
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Figure 1 is a map of the climate types of Dorvan, a made-up country.
With reference to Figure 1, identify the climate type of the city of Hallen.
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The Sahara, the Arabian Desert and the Sonoran Desert are all hot deserts.
Identify four characteristic features of the hot desert biome.
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Figure 1 shows the main biomes of Kavara, a made-up country near the equator.
Identify two biomes that occur in Kavara.
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Lomdal is a made-up inland town in the middle latitudes. Figure 1 is a climate graph for Lomdal, and Figure 2 describes what a visitor sees there.
Using Figures 1 and 2, identify one type of vegetation found around Lomdal.
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