Topic 2.2: Communities and Ecosystems Questions

Figure 1 shows a simplified food web in a lowland rainforest in Peninsular Malaysia. Sunda pangolins are hunted and smuggled for their scales and meat. State one impact of the removal of the Sunda pangolin from this food web.

Figure 1 shows the energy and the PCBs at each level of a river food chain in Wales. State the trophic level of the minnows.

In the Serengeti, lions eat zebras, wildebeest and giraffes, and spotted hyenas eat zebras and wildebeest. Define the term food web.

Figure 1 shows a simplified food web in the Cerrado grasslands, Brazil. State one impact of the removal of the giant anteater from this food web.

In the Pacific Ocean near Hawaii, phytoplankton are eaten by zooplankton, zooplankton by flying fish, and flying fish by yellowfin tuna. Identify the tertiary consumer in this food chain.

A student says that 'only green plants can be producers'. State three groups of organisms that are producers.

Figure 1 shows a simplified food web in Lake Ontario. Using Figure 1, identify a food chain in Lake Ontario that has five trophic levels.

Figure 1 shows a simplified food web in Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, USA. With reference to Figure 1, outline why a decline in the walleye population in the area may cause a decline in Daphnia numbers.

Figure 1 shows a simplified food web in the Kalahari, Botswana. State one impact of the removal of the aardwolf from this food web.

Figure 1 shows a food chain in a lake in Finland. State the trophic level of the osprey.

In a Kazakh steppe grassland, the grasses gain about 600 g of biomass per m² per year through photosynthesis, before any losses. State the term for this total gain in biomass by the grasses.

A student draws the food chain grass → rabbit → fox. Explain what the arrows in a food chain represent.

Figure 1 shows the levels of PCBs in a food chain in Lake Ontario, North America. Identify the primary consumer in the food chain shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 shows a simplified food web in the coastal waters of North Carolina, USA. With reference to Figure 1, outline why a decline in the large shark population in the area may cause a decline in bay scallop numbers.

Loggers clear an area of forest in Indonesia and burn the branches that are left. State one way in which deforestation can reduce matter storage in an ecosystem.

Figure 1 shows a simplified food web in Konza Prairie. Using Figure 1, identify a food chain in Konza Prairie that has five trophic levels.

Figure 1 shows a simplified food web in an oak wood in southern England. State the trophic level of the sparrowhawk.

Figure 1 shows a simplified food web in a kelp forest off northern Norway. With reference to Figure 1, outline why a decline in the Atlantic wolffish population in the area may cause a decline in kelp numbers.

In a pond in Belgium, algae hold 8 000 kJ per m² per year and the water fleas that eat them hold 900 kJ per m² per year. Define the term ecological efficiency.

Figure 1 shows the mean biomass at each level of a food chain in Lake Victoria, East Africa. State two abiotic factors that can influence the net primary productivity of the lake ecosystem in Figure 1.