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NotesESSUnit 8
IB ESS · Unit 8 of 8

Unit 8: Human Population and Urban Systems

Unit 8 of IB Environmental Systems and Societies covers Human Population and Urban Systems. This unit contains 3 topics and 9 sub-topics. Below you'll find free study notes, flashcards, and exam preparation resources for every topic in this unit.

3 topics9 sub-topics
ESS FlashcardsExam technique guide

What Unit 8 covers

Unit 8 examines human population dynamics, urbanisation, and urban environmental challenges. Students study demographic models, evaluate urban planning strategies, and analyse air pollution in cities — topics that bring together ecological, social, and economic factors tested throughout IB ESS.

Topics in Unit 8

8.1

Human populations

3 sub-topics

8.2

Urban systems and urban planning

3 sub-topics

8.3

Urban air pollution

3 sub-topics

Study tip: Work through the topics in order — each builds on concepts from the one before. Start with notes, then reinforce with flashcards and practice questions.

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Unit 7All ESS units